aWebUsersGuild.com
Report
102-PublishingComponentSale.
WUG4-Smart90
reported that Yahoo Inc in talks to buy
YouTube-like video site "Dailymotion" --
is in talks with France Telecom to buy a
majority stake in Dailymotion, an online
video site popular in Europe that has been
scouting for a U.S. partner to take on
Google Inc.'s YouTube.
Google
reports that the YouTube deal represents a
major growth opportunity for the Internet
gian
Google has said YouTube represents a major
growth opportunity for the Internet
giant.
Executive Marissa Maye reported that if
the deal is excepted, it would be first
major acquisition since taking over Yahoo
last summer.
Under the ownership structure being
discussed, Yahoo could buy as much as 75%
of Dailymotion with the possibility of
buying the rest of the site at a later
date, the Wall Street Journal reported.
The deal would value Dailymotion at around
$300 million.
Spokespeople for Yahoo and France Telecom
declined to comment.
Dailymotion
is hoping that by selling -- a majority stake to a U.S. partner
will help boost distribution, content and
marketing deals. The addition of the
largest streaming video site after YouTube
would give Yahoo a major presence in Web
video outside the U.S.
France Telecom bought Dailymotion in a
two-part agreement over the course of two
years for $168 million. Dailymotion
editorial and executive management operate
independently of France Telecom.
Dailymotion had 112 million unique visits
and 2.5 billion page views in January,
according to research firm ComScore.
At a recent technology conference, Mayer
said video "is going to be very important
to our strategy." Last July, Yahoo struck
a syndication deal with Dailymotion.
CLICK FOR MORE
news#106-PublishingComponentSale-- OR
Click For More tviStory
106-s90-
Component
Sale ///
2011-4thQUARTER-Oct
102-Verizon
ProfitDoubles With The
SmartPhone.
The
WUG4 group reported that Verizon Profit
doubled on Increase in SmartPhone
Sales
Verizon
Wireless third-quarter earnings
rose to $1.38 billion, from $659 million,
or 23 cents, a year earlier.
Sales
climbed 5.4 % to $27.9 billion, matching
the average analyst projection. The
third-quarter three-month period ended
Sept. 31., Verizon
said. Verizon
shares closed up 0,9% to $37.42.
Contributing to Verizon's increased
performance was a jump in smartphone
sales- users and on its network with
882,000 new wireless-contract
customers.
The
significant boost in profit comes despite
a two-week labor strike and spending $250
million on "storm-related repair costs" --
and cost of its PSI billing process in the
amount of $5.00 per month per wireless
phone number assigned to each wireless
telephone unit.
More Story @
s90Brief/#102-VerizonProfitDoubles ///
An estimated
quarter-million people were anticipated to
attend the dedication, which was
originally scheduled for Sunday, according
to ABC News. With the capital in the path
of Hurricane Irene, organizers decided to
call of the even
102-
Apple Stores - Made In
China
22
more new Apple Stores were opened in
China. Chinese authorities say they are
"Real" -- and are selling Apple products
to Apple customers, so Apple should be
happy." -- Locals from the city of Kunming
-- agree with the
authorities."
-
China's Administration for Industry and
Commerce has suspended previously exposed
stores from doing business, but the new 22
are instead being ordered to stop using
Apple's logo and trademarks, according to
a report from Reuters.
-
State
media reports said Apple China has
filed a complaint with the government and
accused such fake stores of unfair
competition and trademark violation,
according to
Reuters.
-
Reuters
reported that: "The market watchdog agency
said it would set up a complaint hotline
and boost monitoring, the official Xinhua
news agency reported," Reuters said. "It
did not say if the shops were selling
knock-off Apple products or genuine but
smuggled
models.
-
"Countless
unauthorized resellers of Apple and other
brands' electronic products throughout
China sell the real thing but buy their
goods overseas and smuggle them into the
country to escape taxes," the
said.
More
Story @ SmartBriefs 102-s90
BuyApple ///
2011-1stQUARTER-Jan
102WIRELESS
TELEPHONE Industrial School of Arts &
Sciences -
1902
Excerpts
from: Smart Daaf Boys,
Stubblefield's 1993 "All-in-One
Radio/Television & Desk Top Almanac
Encyclopedia-Dictionary.
(456 Pages ) ISBN No.
10883644-04-6Library of Congress Catalog
Number 93-060451Volume IV, A Source
Book for Comminications Executives &
Researchers
Copyright 1993: By Telvision International
Publishing (TVI Publishing)
102WIRELESS
TELEPHONE Industrial School of Arts &
Sciences - 1902 :-
In January 1902, Stubblefield agreed to
participate in the commercial exploitation
of his device by Fennell's Philadelphia
Group that purportedly included
Westinghouse. Incorporation papers for the
Wireless Telephone Company of America were
filed in Prescott, Arizona, on May 22,
1902. Stubblefield was a director, but
held no office. The Washington and
Philadelphia demonstrations maintained the
momentum needed to sell stock in the new
company. A four page prospectus, extolling
the investment opportunity in Wireless
Telephone Company of America compared the
Stubblefield device with Marconi's
wireless telegraphy system by stating that
both systems utilized "...
for
transmission what are termed Hertzian
electrical wave currents ..." The
technical details were not disclosed since
the prospectus was designed to sell stock,
and perhaps deliberately avoided specific
evidence on the points of comparison or
contrast. The use of steel rods thrust
into the ground, the large circular coils
and the copper antenna wires attached to
the masts on the steamer Bartholdi and on
rooftops indicate that Stubblefield's
1892, 1893 and 1902 systems were based
upon Stubblefield's earth grounded
induction-antenna principle, in which we
now call, AM radio. Stubblefield insisted
that a more "powerful" apparatus would
"transmit" unlimited distances. The U.S.
Navies ELF project in Clam Flats,
Wisconsin is based on Stubblefield's basic
induction-antenna device.
Wireless
Telephone: 1898:Patent For
Electrolyte Battery and Detector for Radio
Signal (wireless telephone) Issued
600,457.
{19/Gx}
wireless
- (1) A British term for radio.
(2) Used in the United
States, in the sense of (#1) above, when
the word "radio" might be misinterpreted
(as an example -- a "wireless record
player"). {73/RS}
Section
19.
Wireless
Telephony
- The early radiotelephones were powered
by wet-cell, non-rechargeable batteries.
The telephone at first also used
electricity. Today's radio and television
stations receive their current from power
lines fed by huge dynamos, some powered by
atomic fission. The increasing
sophistication of power sources, (solar,
cell) parallels the continued movement
toward greater sophistication in
electrical communication methods.
{01/Gi}
Wireless
Telephony and Stubblefield
-
Nathan B. Stubblefield's "Wireless
Telephony" - ("Radio"): In addition to the
following listings under "Wireless
Telephony," as well as those listed above
under "Wireless Signals," also see the
section in this book, under:
"Stubblefield, Nathan B" with the various
terms, definitions, patents issued,
demonstrations, historical facts, etc., on
Nathan B. Stubblefield (The "Inventor" Of
The "Wireless Telephony" -- The
"Radio").
Please See Section 15. Stubblefield and
"Wireless Telephony" ("Radio").
Also See Radio: Publications
"Broadcast&endash;Industry Trade
Resource/Reference Books" with a section
on Nathan B. Stubblefield.
Also See Radio: Publications
"Hard&endash;Cover Books" with a section
on Nathan B. Stubblefield.
Also See Radio: Publications "Magazines"
with a section on Nathan B. Stubblefield.
{03/Di}
WIRELESS
TELEPHONY and
TELEGRAPH
(1)
RADIO
FREQUENCY(ra-di--o-fre-quen-cy),
n.
(a). the frequency of the transmitting
waves of a given radio message or
broadcast. (b). a frequency within the
range of radio transmission, i.e. from
about 15,000 MC to 10 MC (MegaCycles) per
second. [Note: A MegaCycle means, "one
million cycles" -- so 15,000 MC is equal
to 15,000 x 1,000,000, which is
15,000,000,000 cycles per second (15
billion cycles per second); and 10 MC is
equal to 10 x 1,000,000, which is
10,000,000 cycles per second (10 million
cycles per second).]
(2)
RADIO(ra-di-o),
n. (a). wireless telegraphy: sparks or
dot&endash;dashes broadcasted by radio.
(b). telephony: speeches or music
broadcasted by radio. (c). an apparatus
for receiving radio broadcasts. (d). a
message transmitted by radio.
(3)
BROADCAST(broad-cast),
v.
To send (messages, speeches, music,
sounds) by radio. {19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony: 1860:Murray, Kentucky:
Nathan B. Stubblefield
-
Nathan B. Stubblefield, "The Inventor Of
Radio" (Wireless Telephony) was born in
Murray, Kentucky in 1860. Stubblefield
died in Murray in 1928, where he is
buried. {19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony: 1885:First World's
Private Wireless (Voice) Transmission-
Demonstration.
In
1885, Nathan B. Stubblefield, "The
Inventor of Wireless Telephony" held his
First Demonstration, [which was the
World's First Private Demonstration of
wireless (voice) transmission on
land]. Stubblefield, from Murray,
Kentucky: Patented his invention in 1898
and also in 1908.
{19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony:
1885:
Stubblefield
demonstration to his friend, Duncan Holt,
the transmission of voice without wires.
Holt stated, "One Sunday that year
[1885] Stubblefield invited Holt
and his wife out to his home, where the
west boundary of Murray State College now
is. That afternoon he said to Holt,
"Duncan, I've done it. I've been able to
talk without wires -- all of 200 yards --
and it'll work everywhere!" Stubblefield
had a little "experimental station" he
called it, 200 yards away from the house,
and he said he could talk from there and
it could be heard at the house, or
vise&endash;versa -- and without wires! At
that time, Holt said, "the Scientific
American had never mentioned the possi
bility in suggestion or otherwise that
speech or intelligent communication could
be transmitted with out wires.
Stubblefield was the first to entertain
the idea. "{19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony: 1892:First World's
Public Radio
Demonstration
-
In 1892, the World's First Public Radio
Demonstration -- [World's First Public
Demonstration of wireless (voice)
transmission on land] was held in
Murray, Kentucky.
In
the winter of 1892, Nathan B. Stubblefield
made a tremendous ad vance in his
"wireless telephone" demonstrations, which
would make wireless practi cal over
distances far greater than those from his
experimental home to the garden, dis
tances which would first encompass the
earth and then reach far out into the
universe and to uni verses beyond. It was
Stubblefield's great invention of the
"wireless telephone" that helped him
discover the basic principals and laws of
Amplitude Modulation, (AM Radio).
To
advance his low&endash;frequency induction
system to a space system, he built an
aerial -- an antenna which he connected to
one side of the carbon mouth piece of a
telephone: (to send a spark wave; Hertz
had merely used a horizontal rod ending in
a plate.) The aerial was copper wire
wrapped around a cylinder, or in some
cases made into a loop, that was attached
to the top of a pole (later he used longer
aerials strung along the top of his family
home). He con nected the other side of the
carbon coil located inside of the
mouthpiece to his electrolyte water
batteries and crystal, stacked and
positioned inside his secret "black box."
Ground wires from the "black box," then
lead to the metal stakes driven into the
earth. The re ceiver also got an aerial
and ground. {19/Gx}
WIRELESS TELEPHONY: 1892: Nathan B.
Stubblefield
-
In
January, 1892, Nathan B. Stubblefield
demonstrated this "WIRELESS TELEPHONY"
system in Murray, Kentucky before several
hundred on lookers. A total of $758.00 was
borrowed from friends and relative to
perform this demonstration. During the
same year, Stubblefield, again privately,
demonstrated to Rainey T. Wells the
ability of his apparatus to send and
receive the human voice by wireless. After
he had set up his props, the inventor
talked into one box in rather low tones,
and his words "Can you hear me?" Came out
the other box "quite distinctly and
clearly" as attested to by witnesses.
Dr.
W. H. Mason, a Murray sur geon who claimed
to be a per sonal friend and family
physician for Nathan B. Stubblefield,
declared that in the same year he wit
nessed a private demonstration of the
wireless tele phone. Dr. Mason recalled
that on one occa sion, Nathan B.
Stubblefield handed him a device "housed
in what appeared to be a keg with a handle
on it." The doctor then followed
instructions to walk down the lane
carrying the keg. He testified that from
it he could hear distinctly "Nathan's
voice and a French harp (harmonica)" which
Nathan was sending. {19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony: 1895:Dit Dahs "dots
& dashes"- Guglielmo Marconi
-
In the spring of 1895, what
Nathan
B. Stubblefield did with wireless voice
transmission in 1885, Guglielmo Marconi
did with dots and dashes. He discovered
that he could send signals over distances
far greater than those from his villa to
the garden -- dis tances which would
travel more than a mile It was Marconi's
great basic in vention of signal induction
-- if, indeed, it was his. Like
Stubblefield, he built an aerial -- an
antenna which he connected to one side of
the spark gap. (Hertz had merely used a
horizontal rod ending in a plate.) The
aerial was a metal cylinder atop a pole.
He con nected the other side of the spark
gap to a ground -- at first, a copper
plate ly ing in the ground. The re ceiver
also got an aerial and ground.
{19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony:1998: electrolyte water
battery "Stubblefield, Nathan B" -
1898
The
patent on the Stubblefield electrolyte
water battery, number 600,457, was the
device that provided the energy to produce
the continual subcarrier hum during
Stubblefield's voice transmission when it
was connected to his "black box" that
contained the electrolytic crystals that
acted as detectors and modulators. The
portable receiver contained the necessary
detector to receive the voice broadcast.
Stubblefield advertised that by slightly
modifying the telephone coil, one could
transmit through the ground for many miles
-- the battery acting as a relay.
{19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony: 1898:ground cell
(Stubblefield, Nathan B.)-
1898:
Stubblefield's
Electrolyte
Water Battery. The patent on the
Stubblefield bat tery, number 600,457,
declares in the specification forming part
of the letters of patent that the
electrical battery has for its object: to
provide a novel and practical battery for
generating electrical currents of suf
ficient forms for practical uses, and also
pro viding means for generating not only a
constant pri mary current but also an
induced momentary sec ondary current.
This
electrical battery is the "ground cell" or
"earth cell" frequently referred to by
Stubblefield in many of his writings and
interviews. Stubblefield so named the de
vice because when he first began his
experimentation with it, he would place
the device that he had constructed in the
moist earth of his farm. Then, when
electrical cur rents began to flow from
the device, he assumed that the engine he
had constructed was tapping the "natural
elec tricity" of the earth. Note, for
example, how he describes the action of
his electrical battery: This cell de rived
sufficient electrical energy from the
ground in the vicinity of the spot where
it was buried to run a small motor
continuously for two months and six days
without any attention whatever. Indeed,
the electrical cur rent was powerful
enough to run a clock and several small
pieces of machinery and to ring a large
gong. By adding a modified carbon
microphone to the batteries, it creation
wireless voice transmission. {19/Gx}
CLICK FOR MORE USPTO 102 S90
STORY
/
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STORY ///
03.
102-1902-Wireless
Telephony
Demonstration-Washington,
D.C: The
First World's Ship to Shore Radio
Wireless (Voice) Broadcast -
January,
1902:
In
1902, the "Worlds First Ship to Shore
Radio Wireless (Voice) Broadcast" took
place. On March 20, 1902, Stubblefield set
up a demonstration on the Potomac River in
Washington, D.C.
Among
the Stubblefield papers is a record on the
printed receipt of John Cumberland and
Sons, Boat Builders, for the hire of the
steamer Bartholdi, for a four hour test,
costing $25. On this re ceipt Nathan
Stubblefield has written: "First Marine
Wireless Telephone Demonstration in the
world before the public by Nathan B.
Stubblefield, March 20, 1902."
One
set of telephone equipment was carried on
board the steamer, and a sister unit kept
on the shore. The Bartholdi was lo cated
midstream just below Georgetown
University. In a picture made of the
steamer showing persons aboard, the
university buildings are plainly seen in
the background. The wires from the
telephone were dropped into the water at
the stern of the boat. The sounds of a
harmonica played on shore were distinctly
heard on the three receivers at tached to
the apparatus on the steamer, and singing,
the sound of the human voice counting
numerals, and ordi nary conversation were
audible. {19/Gx}
Philadelphia
Demonstration (Nathan B. Stubblefield) -
1902: Wireless
Telephony: 1902: Belmont Mansion.
Philadelphia
Demonstration. On May 30, 1902, just a
little over two months af ter this
Washington demonstration, Stubblefield
gave demonstrations of his wireless
telephone in Philadelphia at the Belmont
mansion. Again the witnesses were
newspapermen and "a few invited guests,
that included Tesla, Westinghouse and
Collins."
The
paper re ported that all who placed the
receiver to their ears went away con
vinced of the efficacy of the wireless
phone. A pic ture in the Stubblefield
papers shows the Decoration Day gathering
assembled one mile distant from the instal
lation in the second story of the Belmont
man sion. The ground wire attached to the
receiver is shown in the fore ground of
the picture. (Bartholdi) Several of the
celebrities present are named. Professor
Edwin J. Houston, author of many technical
works, of Franklin Institute attended the
Philadelphia demonstrations. His picture
was taken at this park demonstration.
{19/Gx}
CLICK
FOR MORE 102-S90
STORY
/
CLICK
FOR MORE 1902
STORY
Wireless
Telephony: 1902: Courthouse Square, Radio
Demonstration (Nathan B. Stubblefield) -
1902:
January
1. On this day, Stubblefield again
demonstrated his radio as he did in 1892,
but this time, with 5 listening stations
and before a crowd of about a thousand
persons in the courthouse square at
Murray. Newspaper reported that he
established five "listening" stations in
various parts of town, the furthest
[sic] six blocks distant from the
transmitter. Then Mr. Stubblefield's son
took his place at the transmitter and
talked in a tone of voice such as is
ordinarily used in telephoning. Bernard
whispered, whistled, and played a large
harmonica. Simultaneously everyone on the
re ceivers heard him with remarkable
distinctness. And at that moment,
Stubblefield became a prophet with honor
in his own country. {19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony: 1906:continuous radio
wave -
1906:
Reginald
Fessenden. Immediately after
Stubblefield's 1902 demonstrations in
Washington, Reginald Fessenden hit upon
the idea that a voice carried on a
low-frequency wave could be modulated to
be carried upon a high frequency
continuous radio wave. On Christmas Eve
1906, startled wireless operators heard
Fessenden's voice as far away as the East
Indies, using his noisy 100,000 volt
alternating generator to carry voice.
{19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony:
1906:
Voice
added to Continuous Radio wave: Fessenden
- Sometime between 1901 and 1906, Reginald
Fessenden hit upon the idea that a voice
could be modulated to be carried upon a
continuous radio wave. On Christmas Eve
1906, startled wireless operators heard
Fessenden's voice as far away as the East
Indies, using his noisy alternating
generator to carry voice. {19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephone: 1907:Nathan B.
Stubblefield files appliction for the U.S.
"Wireless Telephone" patent, in
Washington, DC.
Wireless
Telephone: 1908:Radio Patent
#887,357 -
1908:
Stubblefield's
radio, "Wireless Telephony, received a
patent, number 887,357. His patent
describes his radio system as devices that
would transmit and receive broadcast in
any moving vehicle, either from ship to
shore, horseless carriages, and
locomotive. Today of course, any moving
vehicle would include, airplanes, rockets,
cellular telephones, automobiles and even
satellites. {19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony: 1911:De Forest, Lee
"radio transmission,
voiceless"
- Lee De Forest's invention of the vacuum
tube provided the basis for modern radio
transmission in 1911. The original De
Forest "triode tube" or audion did not
transmit voice. {19/Gx}
The
Kingsbury Commitment
1913
/The Kingsbury
Commitment of 1913 formalized AT&T's
monopoly. The Bell System and Independent
telephone companies reduced competition
out of concern for government
intervention. The government had been
increasingly worried that AT&T and the
other Bell Companies were monopolizing the
industry.
Under
Theodore N. Vail from 1907 AT&T had
bought Bell-associated companies and
organized them into new hierarchies.
AT&T had also acquired many of the
independents, and bought control of
Western Union, giving it a monopolistic
position in both telephone and telegraph
communication. A key strategy was to
refuse to connect its long distance
network -- technologically, by far the
finest and most extensive in the land --
with local independent carriers. Without
the prospect of long distance services,
the market position of many independents
became untenable. Vail stated that there
should be "one policy, one system
[AT&T's] and universal
service, no collection of separate
companies could give the public the
service that [the] Bell... system
could
give."
AT&T's
strategies prompted complaints and
attracted the attention of the Justice
Department. Faced with a government
investigation for antitrust violations,
AT&T entered into
negotiations.
CLICK
FOR MORE
BYLINES.
Wireless
Telephony: 1913: amplifier -
1913:
Lee
De Forest perfected his Audion as an
amplifier, and in 1913 sold rights to it
as a tele phonic relay to a lawyer named
Meyers for $50,000. Meyers turned out to
be a front for none other than the
American Telephone and Telegraph Company.
AT&T had been prepared to pay half a
million if it had to. It wasn't until the
end of 1913 that De Forest discov ered
that the Audion could be used for voice
transmis sion. Now the Audion bulb -- the
vacuum tube -- was a detector, an am
plifier, and a means of transmission. But
the outbreak of World War I caused all
further re search to be hidden by military
se crecy. {19/Gx}
Wireless:
1913:Alexandersen
Radio Receiver -
1913.
Radio
receiver (tuner), Alexandersen.{19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony: 1918:Alexanderson's
alternator: Congress Bill Legislation
-
In
1918, two bills were introduced in
Congress that were indirectly designed to
bring wireless under control and to retain
American control over Alexanderson's
alternator.
Please
See Congress Bills on Wireless Telephony.
{19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony:
1918:The
name Radio is first used"RCA" (Radio
Corporation of
America)
-
In 1918, soon after the war, AT&T,
Westinghouse, and General Electric pooled
their patent rights and formed RCA (Radio
Corporation of America): which then bought
out the American Marconi Company.
Broadcasting started from Westinghouse's
experimental station, KDKA, in Pittsburgh.
{19/Gx}
Wireless:
1918:Alexanderson Alternator:
Congress Bill Legislation on Wireless
Telephony
-
In
1918, two bills were introduced in
Congress that were indirectly designed to
bring wireless under control and to retain
American control over Alexanderson's
alternator.
Please
See Congress Bills on Wireless Telephony.
{19/Gx}
Wireless:
1920: broadcast transmitter:
Fessenden/Poulson
-1903:
HF (sound) broadcast transmitter,
Fessenden/Poulson.Patent Expires June
1920. {19/Gx
Wireless:
1929: Armstrong - FM broadcast
transmission path
-
1929:
Armstrong, FM broadcast transmission path.
{19/Gx}
Wireless
Telephony: 1928: Patentholder of the
"Wireless Telephone," Nathan B.
Stubblefield, of Murray Kentucky,
dies.
Wireless
Telephony: 1930-42:World War II:
Radio/Television broadcasts
-
During this period, television
experimentation continued, and by 1930, a
handful of experimental stations were on
the air. Both the BBC and RCA began
broadcasting on a regular schedule in
1936, but World War II interrupted
progress. Radio was the undisputed
entertainment king until after the war,
when television came into its own,
broadcasting a mix of live drama, variety,
and news programing. {19/Gx}
///
04
102-106 The Kingsbury Commitment
1913 / The Kingsbury
Commitment of 1913 formalized AT&T's
monopoly. The Bell System and Independent
telephone companies reduced competition
out of concern for government
intervention. The government had been
increasingly worried that AT&T and the
other Bell Companies were monopolizing the
industry.
Under
Theodore N. Vail from 1907 AT&T had
bought Bell-associated companies and
organized them into new hierarchies.
AT&T had also acquired many of the
independents, and bought control of
Western Union, giving it a monopolistic
position in both telephone and telegraph
communication. A key strategy was to
refuse to connect its long distance
network -- technologically, by far the
finest and most extensive in the land --
with local independent carriers. Without
the prospect of long distance services,
the market position of many independents
became untenable. Vail stated that there
should be "one policy, one system
[AT&T's] and universal
service, no collection of separate
companies could give the public the
service that [the] Bell... system
could
give."
AT&T's
strategies prompted complaints and
attracted the attention of the Justice
Department. Faced with a government
investigation for antitrust violations,
AT&T entered into
negotiations.
In
the Kingsbury Commitment, actually a
letter from AT&T Vice President Nathan
Kingsbury of December 19, AT&T agreed
with the Attorney General to divest itself
of Western Union, to provide long distance
services to independent exchanges under
certain conditions and to refrain from
acquisitions if the Interstate Commerce
Commission
objected.
The
Commitment did not settle all the
differences between independents and Bell
companies and averted the federal takeover
many had expected. However the Commitment
played into AT&T's hands - the company
was allowed to buy market-share, as long
as it sold an equal number of phones.
Critically, while with the Kingsbury
Commitment, AT&T agreed to connect its
long distance service to independent local
carriers, it did not agree to interconnect
its local services with other local
providers. Nor did AT&T agree to any
interconnection with independent long
distance
carriers.
Consequently,
AT&T was able to consolidate its
control over both the most profitable
urban markets and long distance traffic.
Between 1921 and 1934, the ICC approved
271 of the 274 purchase requests of
AT&T.
WikiPedia
notes, that the entire network was
nationalized during World War I from June
1918 to July 1919. Following
re-privatization, AT&T resumed its
near-monopoly position. In 1934, the
government acted to set AT&T up as a
regulated monopoly under the jurisdiction
of the Federal Communications Commission.
This was maintained until AT&T's
divestiture in 1984.
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FOR MORE 102-S90
STORY ///
ByLines
- ATT
/
102AT&T-1992:
Wireless-Data Alliances unveiled by
AT&T
-
On
Monday, November 16, 1992, American
Telephone & Telegraph Co. announced
alliances in the U.S. and Japan,
leapfrogging computer makers in the race
to deliver wireless data services and
equipment to millions of customers.
According to analysts and individuals
familiar with AT&Ts plans; the moves
-- including an agreement by three of
Japan's leading consumer electronics
manufactures, to back its technology --
should hasten development of the market.
These three Japanese titans include,
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., NEC
Corp., and Toshiba Corp. The new
communicators will help create an industry
that is expected to outpace the
fast&endash;growing cellular phone market
and even rival the personal computer
business some day.
The
tiny communicators will use a pen instead
of a keyboard and allow consumers to
scribble and send each other messages,
fetch files, check a Rolodex and even make
a telephone call, if their unit includes a
phone.
AT&T
has bet billions on this wireless future,
including tens of millions of dollars
developing an electronic chip, called
Hobbit, that will work with the new
equipment. It has also provided millions
of dollars in seed money for several
companies that are supplying the new
market. And to help capture traffic from
such machines, AT&T recently announced
a $3.73 billion investment in McCaw
Cellular Communications Inc., a national
provider of phone service.
AT&T
is trying to control wireless from soup to
nuts - as they have hooked up with the
largest U.S. cellular carrier, McCaw, and
they even want to control the brains in
these communications sets. {03/Di}
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STORY
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STORY
///
102-
Google TV project at I/O 2010.
The Open Platform will Bring the
Internet to the big TV
Screen.
SAN FRANCISCO, Calif. (May 20,
2010) &emdash; Today at the
Google I/O developer conference
in San Francisco, leading
industry players announced the
development of Google
TV&emdash;an open platform that
adds the power of the web to the
television viewing experience,
ushering in a new category of
devices for the living room.
Intel, Sony, and Logitech,
together with Best Buy, DISH
Network and Adobe, joined Google
(NASDAQ: GOOG) on stage to
announce their support for Google
TV.
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FOR MORE - Eric
Schmidt
///
102ivg
- Regulatory
WiTELSeizure
102ivs - Regulatory
WiTELSeizure
102iv-
Regulatory Missteps and WiTEL Property
Seizure.
The
NBS100 TELECOM STUDY - discovered one big
fact: fairness can be achieved, if guided
by fundamental American
principles.
Among the
most basic of these principles is the
protection of private property rights.
But violation
of this principle is the defining feature
of the current telecom policy guided by
the officials selected to regulate the FCC
and the Telecom land-line, wireless
industry, which includes the Internet.
Government
regulation of telegraphy and telephony,
commenced at the turn of the 20th century
by local governments and their
self-policing policies. It was local
judges that set the precedents for the
Mann-Elkins Act of 1910, and the 1913
"Kingsbury Commitment. These two events
ended telecom competition by "natural"
reasons, and were the cause for regulatory
property seizures of existing telecom
patent assets, and its by-products --
frequencies and spectrums.
The Act
cemented AT&T's control of America's
telephone land-line network and was the
door opener for a new "wireless" industry.
The monopoly put regulatory emphasis on
the who's - who, and who was going tod
what to control the interconnections that
were being tied into the future of
America's telecom system.
102ivs - CLICK
FOR MORE NBS Regulatory
STUDY.
102s
- Virgin
Mobile. - Recognizes the Mobil
Inventor
Virgin Mobile shares were up 25% on
Tuesday, jumping $1.07 to close at $5.28.
The company went public in October 2007 at
$15 a share. Sprint climbed 4 cents to
close at $4.59.
Virgin Mobile as the sixth-largest
provider of prepaid cellphone services,
with 5.2 million customers, it lags far
behind industry leader Tracfone Wireless
Inc., which has 12.5 million subscribers,
and it has been locked in a price war this
year while losing customers. Prepaid Calling Plans
Prepaid plans were pioneered largely by
Virgin Mobile and other mobile virtual
network operators, which used
pay-as-you-go and inexpensive monthly
plans as the hallmark of their competitive
strategy.
But such operators have had a particularly
difficult time in the U.S. making a
business by leasing wireless spectrum from
the four major providers and then
competing with them. Such labels as
Disney, ESPN and Amp'd Mobile have fallen
as the network owners ramped up their own
prepaid efforts.
The virtual network model has been more
successful in Europe, where regulations
encourage competition.
"Virgin has been having difficulty getting
traction in an increasingly competitive
prepaid environment in recent quarters,"
Stifel Nicolaus analyst Christopher King
wrote in a report Tuesday.
|
102s
- CLICK
FOR MORE 108s
- Virgin Media NBS WiTEL Gallery
STORY. Part of the problem has been its
partner, Sprint, --which unveiled a $50-a-month plan
for its prepaid Boost service in January,
undercutting Virgin Mobile's $80-a-month
offering. King noted that Virgin Mobile
launched a $49.99 monthly plan in April,
but Tracfone recently unveiled a
$45-a-month plan of its own.
The number of prepaid cellphone providers
has been shrinking as bigger players buy
up smaller rivals. A year ago, for
instance, Virgin Mobile bought Helio, a
small Westwood joint venture between
EarthLink Inc. and South Korean cellphone
carrier SK Telecom.
Helio brought to market an upscale device
that brought the advanced features of
South Korean cellphones to the U.S.
market.
Virgin Mobile felt compelled to sell
because its
customer base was declining, the prepaid
space is getting much more competitive,
and it faced a $100-million debt maturity
at the end of next year that "we do not
believe it had enough free cash flow to
pay off," analyst Walter Piecyk of Pali
Research wrote in a report.
Dan Schulman, chief executive of Virgin
Mobile USA, is slated to run the combined
companies' prepaid services
operations.
The deal is subject to regulatory
approval
-- and the approval of Virgin Mobile's
shareholders. Sprint
said the deal, which it expects to
complete late this year or in early 2010,
should enable it to make further inroads
into the fast-growing market for prepaid
cellphone service.
"Prepaid is growing at an unprecedented
rate with consumers keenly focused on
value," Sprint Chief Executive Dan Hesse
said. "Virgin Mobile is an iconic brand in
the marketplace that will complement our
Boost Mobile brand."
|
102s
- CLICK
FOR MORE VIRGIN Sir Branson
STORY.
|
102s
- CLICK
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- Virgin Media NBS WiTEL Gallery
STORY-
|
102s
- CLICK
FOR MORE 110s
- SMART90 Virgin STORY-
03h
/
102
- Internet-WiTEL:Hello,
we told you in 1994 what the Internet was
all about. After the Clinton
Administration steered through Congress
laws that were designed to give consumers
more choices for telephone service at
lower prices, the http://www revolution
commenced.
The
Telecommunications Act of 1996,
deregulated phone companies' copper wire
monopoly, and released wireless telephone
frequencies to the general public.
WebSmart
Washington innovators who were in the "in
crowd" established the name game sales
team, and the "wired wireless" rush was
on. Luckily, Net Solutions just happened
to be there, ready to sell and register
trademarks and favorite namesakes to the
Dot Com world of http://www
yourname.com. ----
The Internet is
here to stay. Good for the consumer!
Today's
Puzzle:Is MySpace, Facebook, Twitter here to
stay? What's Piracy? Who Really Pays the
Performers? Hollywood critics say that old
worldwide movies and TV shows exceed over
one million units -- and recycled movies
and TV shows are said to glut the world's
vaults with over two million units.
Hollywood mischaracterizes legal behavior,
as one who interferes with the mechanics
of Supply and Demand.
102s
- Google KnowledgeRush tvinews+
102-s90 Section C-102- WiTEL
TVINews Index Daily
Weekly
Before
any tvNews story is released and
distributed to Smart90 partners including:
Google, Yahoo, LookSmart, Teoma, MSN,
AltaVista, DogPile, and hundreds of other
Internet providers, several news reports
from major news sources are scientifically
scrutinized to stamp the date, reason and
purpose of the news release and to the
monetary / political issues surrounding
the event.
TVInews is the
journalistic component of Television
International Magazine, founded in 1956 by
Sam Donaldson, and Al Preiss.
TVI Publications
not only allows its global Web users to
blog and share their own news with
tviNews, but also the tviNews events
listed above in Sections 101 to 121.
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Google Search FOR MORE TVInews
STORIES.