top ˆ   VIEW Movies CLICK S90 Google IMAGES top ˆ   GOOGLE top ˆ       top ˆ              •                   top ˆ                 •                   ˆ                 •                   top ˆ                 •                   top ˆ                 •                   ˆ             ˆ                 •                   top ˆ              •                   top ˆ              •                   top ˆ              •                   top ˆ              • Yes90/109 Education - SMART90com/deforest •Lee De Forest - (1873 - 1961) • the "D" in "Smart Daaf Boys" The inventors that put the Pizzazz in Radio Wave. (Get free copies of NBS - U.S. Wireless Telegraph, Audion Tube Patents) • Click for tviNews PERSON OF THE WEEK • DEPARTMENTS - Index YES Jump Bars 01. Feature 02. Headline02 03. Headline03 04. Related Buy Amazon Contact Us VRA Movies KudoAd-Google • This Page Index CLICKS• (You MAY need the FREE QuickTime plug-in to view and hear s90tv) • FEATURE STORY • 02. TimeLine 03.Law Suits Patents • Related Stories • The Smart-Daaf Boys - Main • Stubblefield • Marconi • Ambrose Fleming • Reginald Fessenden • Tesla • De Forest • Armstrong • Alexanderson • Farnsworth Who Are The Smart Daaf Boys / History of WiFi and the InterNet SMART-DAAF BOYS Stubblefield Marconi Ambrose Fleming Reginald Fessenden Tesla DeForest Alexanderson Armstrong Farnsworth Telephon-del-green-Murray D-diaries Main Chap 00 Who's Who Chap 01Brain Fingerprinting Chap 02 Casting the Actors Chap 03 China's Two Roles Chap 04 Video Tape It ! Chap 05 Phony Craze Chap 06 Music-Producers Chap 07 TimeLine Chap 08 Smart-Daaf Profiles Chap 09 Capt Billy's War Chap 10 Post Civil War Chap 11 Finishing - Thanks Who's Chancy Cab? Nathan Stubblefield Movie NB Stubblefield / Patents / TimeLine / Movie NB Stubblefield 02 Acknowlegements / Movie NB Stubblefield 03 Ground Energy / By Vasillas Mov NBS100.com Movie / Mike / Sarnoff NBS100 - 2002 NBS100 Potomac 2002 The Chancy Cab Story Buy Amazon Contact Us Lee De Forest (1873 - 1961) See Video • Excerpts found on this page are from: "Nathan B. Stubblefield, the Radio Boy" & "The SMART-DAAF BOYS"™©1992 and "Disappointments Are Great, Follow the Money, The Internet - D-diaries - ©2006 - By Troy and Josie Cory-Stubblefield • ISBN 1-883644-34-8 • Library of Congress Catalog # TX 5-967-411 Part01 Part02 • FREE USE OF CONTENTS: This Web page is about saying thanks to all of our Yes90 blogger team who have helped us put the Smart-Daaf Boy, Yes90 TimeLine together. The use of the contents on this page can be used at no cost to Web users for Educational and Historical purposes under Yes90/109 Authority and TVI Magazine, Publisher/Editor. Credits For Use should read: "Smart-Daaf Boy Data or NBS100.COM TeleCom Study" - Thanks Again. - MORE ABOUT: Content Clearance MORE ABOUT: Content Clearance Use Paid For By: NBS100.COM and The NBS Family Radio Trust. ©Copyrights 1956-2006 - All Rights For Profits Reserved by Television Int'l Publishing. CLICK FOR MORE: Credit Name © Info CLICK FOR MORE: To Purchase Books - TVIbookStore • BOOK REVIEWS BY: Pete Allman and Mark Sovol • Pete Allman - Part One • Mark Sovol - Part Two The Smart Daaf Boys Timeline - Below Smart Daaf Boys - Amazon Products MORE / PHOTO IMAGES • • FREE USE of the contents on this page can be used at no cost to web users. CLICK FOR RULES Lee De Forest, (August 26, 1873 - June 30, 1961) ••• Lee De Forest, was granted over 300 various Telegraphy patents during his lifetime. The important patent was the Triode Audion Diode Tube, a glass enclosed vacuum tube containing elements that could amplify electrical RF Dit Dah Morse Code signals perfected by Smart-Daaf Boy, Marconi. ••• In 1906, De Forest's attorney was the first person to use the word "Radio". The term was used to describe the De Forest Wireless Radio Telegraphy Company. ••• Strange as it may seem, "The Audion," did not transmit nor detect articular voice or music, until it became the property of AT&T, in 1914. Later on, it became a tube part for radio telephony that relied on the Tesla and Westinghouse AC Generator to broadcast voice and music. He also Invented the term, "Radio" - 1906. ••• Many who knew De Forest, said that his downfall in the wireless industry was comparable to the Fessenden, and Armstrong EMW and frequency law suits. ••• They included both patent infringement, and Corporate Stock claims. De Forest's attorney is the person that came up with the term, "Radio" -- to help DeForest skirt around existing Marconi and Stubblefield Wireless Telegraphy and Telephony patents and 1901 and 1902 RF sound wave demonstrations. ••• De Forest is said to have spent the better part of his life in Court. He had four marriages as well as several failed companies. He was once indicted for stock mail fraud, but was later acquitted. - Continue For More MORE / PHOTO IMAGES • 109 / Education More About Grandpa Nat and Tesla PART 01 PART 02 PART 03 PART 04  TODAY'S PUZZLE? This Week's Cover Google KudoAds AMAZON BUY - DVDS • Smart Daaf Boys • Troy Cory Show • CHINA MOON Hong Kong Triad / "Jockey Club" Follow The Money TVI Magazine Back Issues Dear Editor HOLLYWOOD BEAT Amazon soulfind.com LookRadio RadioPlayMusic nbs100 •     Returnˆ To Top' 120 PIXELS 3 columns • 1. Feature (Excerpt from) "The SMART DAAF BOYS"™ • • Continued from above - DeForest was born, in the parsonage of the Congregational Church in Council Bluffs. His father was the Reverend Henry S. De Forest, who was later to become president of Talladega College in Alabama. The Reverend was descended from French Huguenots who had settled in New England. ••• His mother, Anna Margaret, the daughter of a Congregational Minister could trace her family back to John Alden. ••• After attending Mt. Hermon School in Massachusetts, De Forest entered the special mechanical engineering program being conducted by the Scheffield Scientific School at Yale University. ••• While attending Yale University, 1892-1899, two important, 1892 and 1898 public Wireless Telephony and Telegraphy demonstrations took place, and two EMW patents were granted to Smart-Daaf Boys, Stubblefield and Marconi. Wireless Telephony was the word DeForest had to content with and work around during his inventive days. ••• Having completed a dissertation entitled "Reflection of Hertzian Waves From the Ends of Parallel Wires," he was granted a Ph.D., in 1899. The dissertation is what prepared De Forest for his attack on high-frequency oscillation and its effects in parallel wires. It was one of the first treatises on radio waves which explored the possibilities to explain the Wireless Telephony and Telegraphy RF broadcast demonstrated by Stubblefield and Marconi. ••• After Yale, his first job was with Western Electric Company in Chicago, where he started in the telephone department and then moved on to work in the experimental laboratory. ••• Throughout his tumultuous life -- many failed businesses, ongoing lawsuits, patent applications, and four marriages -- DeForest promoted radio and later television as a way to raise Americans' cultural awareness. He died in, Hollywood, California on June 30, 1961 • 02 / TimeLine. About Lee De Forest • 1873 - Lee De Forest, b: August 26, 1873 -- d: June 30, 1961.-- • 1892 - De Forest entered special mechanical engineering program (Sheffield School of Science) at Yale University, 1892-1899. • 1896 - De Forest receives Bachelor's Degree from Yale University.  • 1899 - De Forest receives Ph.D. from Yale University.   • 1902 - By 1902, he had founded the De Forest Wireless Telegraph Company but like other firms he would start, it failed because of poor business practices. • 1903 - PATENT EXPIRES: Dec. 11, 1903, Wireless Telegraph - Induction; Emerson Amos Dolbear's 1986 Wireless Telegraph- Induction Patent expires. • 1904 01 - Stubblefield 's Groundless All-in-One Radio System completed February, 1904. • 1905 02 - AUDION PATENT - De Forest's Audion Patent Number One, #979,275, was Applied for on February 2, 1905. • 1905 - PATENT LAWS - Revised (1905, STATUTE: SEC. 4886). • 1906 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 824,637 Patent Granted "Oscillation Responsive Device" (vacuum tube detector diode), Filed Jan. 18, 1904, Granted June 26, 1906. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1906 - "The Audion," did not transmit nor detect articular voice or music, until it became the property of AT&T, in 1914. Later on, it became a tube part for radio telephony that relied on the Tesla and Westinghouse AC Generator to broadcast voice and music. • 1906 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 827,523 Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraph System" (separate transmitting and receiving antennas), Filed Dec. 4, 1905, Granted July 31, 1906. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1906 - U.S. Patent 0827523 "Wireless Telegraph System" (separate transmitting and receiving antennas), filed December 1905, issued July 1906. • 1906 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 827,524 Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraph System", filed January 1, 1904, Granted July 31,1906. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1906 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 836,070 Patent Granted "Oscillation Responsive Device" (vacuum tube detector - no grid), Filed May 19, 1906, Granted Nov. 13, 1906. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1906 - In 1906, De Forest's attorney was the first person to use the word "Radio". The term was used to describe the De Forest Wireless Radio Telegraphy Company. • 1907 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 841,386 Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraphy" (tunable vacuum tube detector - no grid), Filed Aug. 27, 1906, Granted Jan. 15, 1907. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1906 12 - Ship To Shore Christmas Eve Broadcast With GE Alternator (Christmas Eve) Reginald Fessenden and Ernst Alexanderson. Occurred the same year Tesla's Westinghouse patent for his 60-cycle electrical generator expired. • 1907 - In 1907 saw the launch of the De Forest Radio Company. An early company advertisement stated: "It will soon be possible to distribute grand opera music from transmitters placed on the stage of the Metropolitan Opera House by a Radio Telephone station on the roof to almost any dwelling in Greater New York and vicinity... The same applies to large cities. Church music, lectures, etc., can be spread abroad by the Radio Telephone." • 1907 0228 - THE FIRST RADIO STOCK CORPORATION. DeForest RADIO TELEPHONE COMPANY - On February 28, 1907 - the first Wireless Telephone company USING the new WORD "RADIO." • 1907 0405 - Stubblefield In Washington. Nathan B. Stubblefield's Wireless Telephone Patent Application Filed Apr. 5, 1907, Serial No. 366,544 -Room 109. The first permanent wireless telephone broadcasting installation was in January, 1892. The station was constructed in Murray, Kentucky, by Stubblefield's Teleph-on-del-green Industrial College, on the campus where Murray State University is now located,   • • 1907 0601 - June 1, 1907 - STUBBLEFIELD PROSPECTUS - VALUABLE APPLICATIONS OF THIS INVENTION. As Cited In Our United States Patent Application. • 1907 0607 - Private Prospectus - June 7, 1907 - U.S. Army Signal Corps - Major Squier, Washington, D.C. • 1907 1017 - PATENT - Stubblefield's Wireless Telephone Patent Application Approved By Commissioner Allen - Nathan B. Stubblefield - (Patent Expires October 17, 1924). • 1908 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 876,165 Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraph Transmitting System" (antenna coupler), Filed May 11, 1904, Granted January 7, 1908. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1908 0512 - PATENT: Stubblefield Received His All Purpose - Wireless Telephone Patent, Number 887,357 Click to Go To US Patent Office -- then Click Full Text to refresh page. - (Patent Expires May 12, 1925) • 1908 - PATENT - LeeDeForest's U.S. Patent 879,532 Patent Granted "Space Telegraphy" (increased sensitivity detector - clearly shows grid), Filed January 29, 1907, issued February 18. 1908. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1908 0218 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's Audion Patent Number Three, #879, 532 Covering The Device As A Detector - Was Issued On February 18, 1908. • 1908 12 - Antenna PATENT EXPIRES: Thomas A. Edison's Antenna - Dec. 1891 Wireless Telegraphy Patent Expires. • 1909 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 926,934 Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraph Tuning Device" Filed Jan. 20, 1906, Granted July 6, 1909. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1909 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 926,935 Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraph Transmitter", Filed February 3 1904, issued July 6, 1909. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1909 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 926,936 Patent Granted "Space Telegraphy" Filed June 20, 1907, Granted July 6, 1909. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT.• 1909 - U.S. Patent 0926937 "Space Telephony" • 1909 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 926,937 Patent Granted "Space Telephony" Filed June 20, 1907, Granted July 6, 1909. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1909 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 926,933 Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraphy" Filed March 22, 1904, Granted July 6, 1909. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1909 - CONTINENTAL WIRELESS TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY, 1909: Included six companies. (Wireless Telegraphy or Wireless Telephony): Incorporated December 1909 In Arizona For $5 million. • 1909 0417 - PATENT - STUBBLEFIELD'S CANADIAN PATENT Issued #114,737 - GRANTED TO STUBBLEFIELD - (Patent Expires in 1926). • 1909 0615 - PATENT ASSIGN - Stubblefield Assigns Canadian Patent To A. Frederick Collins, June 15, 1909. Collins assigns 75% of his old Collins Wireless Telephone Company Formed in 1903. • 1909 1114 - A. Frederick Collins - Electrical Show In Madison Square Garden, New York, Oct. 14, 1909 for the purpose of selling stock in the Collins Wireless Telephone Co. • 1910 - For the next ten+ years De Forest broadcasted from points all over the world, popularizing radio to the point that by the 1920s many U.S. homes had their own "radio sets."  • 1910 - In 1910, he attempted the first live broadcast from New York's Metropolitan Opera House (starring Enrico Caruso). • 1910 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 979,275 Patent Granted "Oscillation Responsive Device" (parallel plates in Bunsen flame) filed February 2, 1910, issued December 20.1910. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1911 - COLLINS INDICTED - December 1911. Four officers of the Continental Co. excepting Walter Massie were indicted for using the mails to defraud in selling worthless stock. • 1912 - In 1912, DeForest developed a feedback circuit, which would increase the output of a radio transmitter and produce alternating current. He didn't see the worth of his discovery, though, and by the time he applied for a patent in 1915, • 1912 - Fessenden is awarded $406,175 in the United States District Court at Boston in a suit against the National Electric Signalling Company. The award was not only the largest ever given up to that time in Massachusetts, but was notable in bringing out the history of the Boston inventor's pioneer work in wireless telegraph and telephony. -- FOR MORE STORY SEE LOST NEWS ARTICLES ON GE, RCA LAW SUIT CLICK HERE / CLICK FOR PART TWO OF FESSENDEN ARTICLE • 1914 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 1,101,533 Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraphy" (directional antenna/direction finder), filed June 20 1906, Granted June 30, 1914. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1915 - Armstrong beats De Forest to the Patent Office. De Forest sued, E. Howard Armstrong. The suit ended in 1934. He won, but the radio industry still credited Smart-Daaf Boy Armstrong with the invention. His other major contribution was to the film industry. • 1916 - In 1916, De Forest pioneered radio news, broadcasting -- although incorrectly -- the results of the presidential election. He was disappointed with how radio and television evolved, however, and was deeply critical of its low standards. De Forest wrote an autobiography entitled Father of Radio, but did not get that recognition from the rest of the world. • 1917 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 1,214,283 Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraphy" (directional antenna) Filed Sept. 24, 1912, Granted Jan. 30, 1917. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. Editor's Note: Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent No. 1,214,283 stated in Wikipedia incorrectly as Wireless Signaling Device" (directional antenna), filed December 1902, issued January 1904. (1902 Filing and 1904 Granting date Incorrect: U.S. Patent 1,214,283 "Wireless Telegraphy" was filed Sept. 24, 1912, Granted Jan. 30, 1917. • 1920 - In the 1920s, he had been trying to use electricity to improve sound recordings. He found a way to record sound on film, again adapting the work of others and using his Audion. This led directly to the creation of motion pictures with sound. • 1921 - He applied for Sound of Film patent in 1921 (awarded in 1924) and tried to interest the film industry in his technology. • 1924 - Sound on Film patent granted in 1924 and tried to interest the film industry in his technology. Hollywood didn't start talking until 1927 when The Jazz Singer appeared in theaters as the first feature-length "talkie" using a method different from De Forest's work. Ironically, the industry later reverted to the sound method de Forest first proposed. • 1926 - De Forest Predictions: De Forest made many correct predictions, including microwave communication and cooking, like "While theoretically and technically television may be feasible, commercially and financially it is an impossibility." • 1926 - De Forest Predictions: "To place a man in a multi-stage rocket and project him into the controlling gravitational field of the moon where the passengers can make scientific observations, perhaps land alive, and then return to earth--all that constitutes a wild dream worthy of Jules Verne. I am bold enough to say that such a man-made voyage will never occur regardless of all future advances." • 1927 - The Jazz Singer, the first feature-length "talkie" produced. But they didn't use his patent, using a method different from de Forest's work. Ironically, the industry later reverted to the sound method DeForest first proposed. • • 1928 - Law Suit. Fessenden wins $2.5-million, and the title as -- "the Father of Radio," in Law Suit against the Radio Trust. NEWTON, Mass, Oct. 13, 1928 -- Thus ends, his suit for $60,000,000; Fessenden vs the Radio Corporation of America, The American Telephone & Telegraph Company, the General Electric Company, the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, the Western Electric Company Inc., the International Radio Telegraph Company, the United Fruit Company and the wireless Specialty Appliance Company. • 1928 - Stubblefield dies in Murray, Kentucky. • 1934 - De Forest Wins patent suit. De Forest vs. Armstrong law Patent suit ends. The suit ended in 1934. He won, but the radio industry still credits Smart-Daaf Boy Armstrong with the invention. • 1950 - "Father of Radio." -- De Forest autobiography published. He also wrote several film scripts, hundreds of poems, and kept a daily journal. De Forest died in 1961 and was inducted into the Radio Hall of Fame in 1989. • 1952 - De Forest Predictions: Microwave Ovens. "I foresee great refinements in the field of short-pulse microwave signaling, whereby several simultaneous programs may occupy the same channel, in sequence, with incredibly swift electronic communication. Short waves will be generally used in the kitchen for roasting and baking, almost instantaneously" • 1952 - De Forest Predictions: "I do not foresee 'spaceships' to the moon or Mars. Mortals must live and die on Earth or within its atmosphere!" • 1952 - De Forest Predictions: "The transistor will more and more supplement, but never supplant, the Audion. Its frequency limitations, a few hundred kilocycles, and its strict power limitations will never permit its general replacement of the Audion amplifier." • 1961 - De Forest dies in 1961 in Hollywood, California. • 1989 - De Forest inducted into the Radio Hall of Fame in 1989. 03 • De Forest Patents - 1896 to 1928, and De Forest's improvements on Marconi's Wireless Telegraphy™, utilizing the Audion, EXCERPTS From the Smart-Daaf Boys: Smart Daaf Boys - Products THE GLASS TUBES OF WIRELESS ••• In 1906, Lee De Forest, carried the Fleming valve one step further. He positioned a zigzag wire of platinum between the filament and the plate. Without truly realizing what he had accomplished. It is the opinion of many radio historians, that he advanced the art of electronic communication a greater distance with this single step, than anyone since Faraday. But as fate would have it, DeForest really didn't understand what he had devised, and what was equally costly to an inventor, he did not know how to use his device properly. ••• "The Diode," did not, until 1914, transmit nor detect articular voice or music, until it became the property of AT&T. The three element valve was capable of amplification. The "trigger" wire can be used to control the flow of current from the filament to the plate. Thus, where milliwatts were necessary, because the human ear requires roughly 0.02 watts of audio power to hear, with a Fleming valve or any of the equivalent detectors, only microwatts or millionths of a watt are necessary with the De Forest "Audion," as he named it. The microwatt signal is used to control and produce an equal, but more powerful signal in the earphones or, in much later years, the loudspeaker. Unfortunately, Lee De Forest didn't know how to "hook it up" properly. He connected his Audion much the same as the Fleming valve and results were only slightly better. ••• The 1906 Audion Tube and De Forest. DeForest was extremely creative and energetic, but often was unable to see the potential of his inventions or grasp their theoretical implications. While working on improving wireless telegraph equipment, he modified the work of other Dit Dah inventors using the Tesla AC generator as the media of transmitting signals, like Ambrose Fleming, Fessenden and Marconi, and came up with the Audion. ••• It was created within a vacuum tube containing some gas. It was a triode, incorporating a filament and a plate, like ordinary vacuum tubes, but also a grid between the filament and plate. This strengthened the current through the tube, amplifying weak telegraph and even radio signals. De Forest thought the gas was a necessary part of the system. MAXWELL'S ETHER THEORY DIES - November, 13, 1931. The one-hundredth anniversary of Clerk Maxwell's birth was marked by the scientific world "digging a grave for the theory of a luminiferous ether," but at the same time honoring Maxwell's mathematical genius. PATENT TIMELINE NOTES • 1906 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 824,637 Patent Granted "Oscillation Responsive Device" (vacuum tube detector diode), Filed Jan. 18, 1904, Granted June 26, 1906. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1906 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 827,523 Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraph System" (separate transmitting and receiving antennas), Filed Dec. 4, 1905, Granted July 31, 1906. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1906 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 827,524 Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraph System", filed January 1, 1904, Granted July 31,1906. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1906 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 836,070 Patent Granted "Oscillation Responsive Device" (vacuum tube detector - no grid), Filed May 19, 1906, Granted Nov. 13, 1906. CLICK TO VIEW PATENT. • 1907 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 841,386 Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraphy" (tunable vacuum tube detector - no grid), Filed Aug. 27, 1906, Granted Jan. 15, 1907.