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<•>Preview
•
The
Oscars! When
• History
of the Academy
• Galleries
and Theaters
• Academy
Headquarters
• Pickford
Center for Motion
Picture
• The
Fairbanks Center for Motion Picture
Study
• Academy
Theater in New York
• The
Academy Museum of Motion Pictures
(Upcoming)
• Membership
• Academy
branches
•
Board
of Governors
• Original
36 founders of the Academy
• About
The Oscar Awards
•••ACADEMY
AWARD(S)®, OSCAR(S)®, OSCAR
NIGHT® and OSCAR® statuette design
mark are the registered trademarks and
service marks, and the OSCAR®
statuette the copyrighted property, of the
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and
Sciences
•••Academy
of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
(AMPAS),
also known
as simplys"the
Academy"
•••was
established on May 11, 1927 as a film
organization. Headquarters, Beverly Hills,
California; United States Membership
approximately 6,687. AMPAS presents the
annual Oscars event. President Cheryl
Boone Isaacs; Official Website,
www.oscars.org;
is a professional honorary organization
with the stated goal of advancing the arts
and sciences of motion pictures. " The
Academy''s corporate management and
general policies are overseen by a Board
of Governors, which includes
representatives from each of the craft
branches.of cinema lovers glue themselves
to their television sets to learn who will
receive the little golden statuette.
••••The
roster of "the Academy 's" approximately
6,000 motion picture professionals is a
"closely guarded secret ." While the great
majority of its members are based in the
United States, membership is open to
qualified filmmakers around the
world.
•
THE
OSCARS!
Every February Oscar Fever hits the
entertainment community and film fans
around the world, building to the
crescendo of the annual Academy Awards
Presentation a month later, when hundreds
of millions of cinema lovers glue
themselves to their television sets to
learn who will receive the little golden
statuette.
••••After
nearly three-quarters of a century of
recognizing excellence in filmmaking
achievement, the presentation of the
Oscars has become the Academy of Motion
Picture Arts and Sciences' most famous
activity.
••••AMPAS'
Awards Presentation is also the activity
that has enabled the organization to
maintain its varied year-round calendar of
programs and events and a wide-ranging
educational and cultural agenda.
••••The
Annual Awards Presentation has been held
since 1929.
••••All
voting for the Academy Awards is conducted
by secret ballot and tabulated by the
impartial auditing firm,
PricewaterhouseCoopers. The secrecy is
maintained by the auditors; the results of
the balloting are not revealed until the
now-famous envelopes are opened on stage
during the Awards program. Because the
Academy numbers among its members are the
ablest artists and craftsmen in the motion
picture world, the Oscar represents the
best achievements of the year in the
opinion of those who themselves reside at
the top of their craft.
The
Oscars
"The
Academy" is known around the world for its
annual Academy" Awards, now officially
known as The "Oscars ."of cinema lovers
glue themselves to their television sets
to learn who will receive the little
golden statuette.
••••In
addition, "the Academy" holds the
Governors Awards annually for lifetime
achievement in film; presents Scientific
and Technical Awards annually; gives
Student Academy Awardst annually to
filmmakers at the undergraduate and
graduate level; awards up to five Nicholl
Fellowships in Screenwriting annually; and
operates the Margaret Herrick Library (at
the Fairbanks Center for Motion Picture
Study) in Beverly Hills, California, and
the Pickford Center for Motion Picture
Study in Hollywood, Los Angeles. "The
Academy" plans to open the Academy Museum
of Motion Pictures in Los Angeles in
2017.
•
History
of the Academy
•
1927
- The notion of The Academy of Motion
Pictures Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) began
with Louis B. Mayer, head of
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). He said he
wanted to create an organization that
would mediate labor disputes without
unions and improve the industry's image.
He met with actor Conrad Nagel, director
Fred Niblo, and the head of the
Association of Motion Picture Producers,
Fred Beetsonto to discuss these matters.
The idea of this elite club having an
annual banquet was discussed, but no
mention of awards at that time. They also
established that membership into the
organization would only be open to people
involved in one of the five branches of
the industry: actors, directors, writers,
technicians, and producers. of cine ma
lovers glue themselves to their television
sets to learn who will receive the little
golden statuette.
•
1927-01-11 - Formal Banquet at
Ambassador Hotel
After their brief meeting , Mayer gathered
up a group of thirty-six people involved
in the film industry and invited them to a
formal banquet at the Ambassador Hotel in
Los Angeles on January 11, 1927. That
evening Mayer presented to those guests
what he called the International Academy
of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
Everyone in the room that evening became a
founder of "the Academy."
•
1927-01-5-01 - Articles of
Incorporation
Between that evening and when the official
Articles of Incorporation for the
organization were filed on May 4, 1927,
the "International" was dropped from the
name, becoming the Academy of Motion
Picture Arts and Sciences.
•
1927 -05-06 - First Official meeting -
Douglas Fairbanks, Sr. elected first
president
••••
Several organizational meetings were held
prior to the first official meeting held
on May 6, 1927. Their first organizational
meeting was held on May 11. At that
meeting Douglas Fairbanks, Sr. was elected
as the first president of "the Academy,"
while Fred Niblo was the first
vice-president, and their first roster,
composed of 230 members, was printed. That
night, "the Academy" also bestowed its
first honorary membership, to Thomas
Edison.
••••
Initially, "the Academy" was broken down
into five main groups, or branches,
although this number of branches has grown
over the years. The original five were:
Producers, Actors, Directors, Writers and
Technicians.
••••The
initial concerns of the group had to do
with labor." However, as time went on, the
organization moved "further away from
involvement in labor-management
arbitrations and negotiations."
•
1928-05 - Awards of Merit, Approved - now
known ast the Academy Award
••••One
of several committees formed in those
initial days was for "Awards of Merit,"
but it was not until May 1928 that the
committee began to have serious
discussions about the structure of the
awards and the presentation ceremony. By
July 1928 the board of directors had
approved a list of 12 awards to be
presented. During July the voting system
for the Awards was established, and the
nomination and selection process began.
This "award of merit for distinctive
achievement" is what we know now as the
Academy Award.
••••The
initial location of the organization was
6912 Hollywood Boulevard. In November
1927, "the Academy" moved to the Roosevelt
Hotel at 7010 Hollywood Boulevard, which
was also the month "the Academy" 's
library began compiling a complete
collection of books and periodicals
dealing with the industry from around the
world. In May 1928, "the Academy"
authorized the construction of a state of
the art screening room, to be located in
the Club lounge of the hotel. The
screening room was not completed until
April 1929.
••••With
the publication of Report on Incandescent
Illumination in 1928, "the Academy" began
a long history of publishing books to
assist its members. Another early
initiative concerned training Army Signal
Corps officers.
•
1929 - THE 1ST ACADEMY AWARDS took place
at the Blossom Room of the Hollywood
Roosevelt Hotel., on Thursday, May 16,
1929; honoring movies released from August
1, 1927to August 1,
1928.8.
••••
In
1929 "the Academy" members in a joint
venture with the University of Southern
California created America's first film
school to further the art and science of
moving pictures. The school's founding
faculty included Fairbanks (President of
"the Academy" ), D. W. Griffith, William
C. deMille, Ernst Lubitsch, Irving
Thalberg, and Darryl F. Zanuck.
••••
1930
saw another move, to 7046 Hollywood
Boulevard, in order to accommodate the
enlarging staff,and by December of that
year the library was acknowledged as
"having one of the most complete
collections of information on the motion
picture industry anywhere in existence."
They would remain at that location until
1935, when further growth would cause them
to move once again. This time, the
administrative offices would move to one
location, to the Taft Building at the
corner of Hollywood and Vine, while the
library would move to 1455 North Gordon
Street.
••••In
1934, "the Academy" began publication
of the Screen Achievement Records
Bulletin, which today is known as the
Motion Picture Credits Database. This is a
list of film credits up for an Academy
Award, as well as other films released in
Los Angeles County, using research
materials from "the Academy" 's Margaret
Herrick Library. Another publication of
the 1930s was the first annual Academy
Players Directory in 1937. The Directory
was published by "the Academy" until 2006,
when it was sold to a private concern.
"The Academy" had been involved in the
technical aspects of film making since its
founding in 1927, and by 1938, the Science
and Technology Council consisted of 36
technical committees addressing technical
issues related to sound recording and
reproduction, projection, lighting, film
preservation and cinematography.
••••In
2009, the inaugural Governors Awards were
held, at which "the Academy" awards "the
Academy" Honorary Award and the Irving G.
Thalberg Memorial Award.
••••In
2016, "the Academy" became the target of
criticism for its failure to recognize the
achievements of minority professionals.
For the second year in a row all 20
nominees in the major acting categories
were white. The president of t "the
Academy" Cheryl Boone Isaacs, the first
African American and third woman to lead
"the Academy," denied in 2015 that there
was a problem. When asked if "the Academy"
had difficulty with recognizing diversity,
she replied "Not at all. Not at all." When
the nominations for acting were all white
for a second year in a row Gil Robertson
IV, president of the African American Film
Critics Association called it "offensive."
The actors' branch is "overwhelmingly
white" and the question is raised whether
conscious or unconscious racial biases
played a role.
••••Spike
Lee, interviewed shortly after the
all-white nominee list was published,
pointed to Hollywood leadership as the
root problem, "We may win an Oscar now and
then, but an Oscar is not going to
fundamentally change how Hollywood does
business. I'm not talking about Hollywood
stars. I'm talking about executives. We're
not in the room." Boone Isaacs also
released a statement, in which she said "I
am both heartbroken and frustrated about
the lack of inclusion. This is a difficult
but important conversation, and it's time
for big changes." After Boone Isaac's
statement, prominent African-Americans
such as director Spike Lee, actors Will
and Jada Pinkett Smith, and activist Rev.
Al Sharpton called for a boycott of the
2016 Oscars for failing to recognize
minority achievements, the board voted to
make "historic" changes to its membership.
"The Academy" says that by 2020 it will
double its number of women and minority
members.
•
Galleries
and
theaters
•
Academy
Headquarters
The
Academy Headquarters Building in Beverly
Hills houses two galleries that are open
free to the public. The Grand Lobby
Gallery and the Fourth Floor Gallery offer
changing exhibits related to films,
film-making and film personalities.of
cinema lovers glue themselves to their
television sets to learn who will receive
the little golden statuette.
••••The
building includes two theaters. The first
is the Samuel Goldwyn Theater, which seats
1,012, and was designed to present films
at maximum technical accuracy, with
state-of-the-art projection equipment and
sound system. The theater is busy
year-round with the Academy's public
programming, members-only screenings,
movie premieres and other special
activities (including the live television
broadcast of the Academy Awards
nominations announcement every January).
The second theater, known as the Academy
Little Theater, is a 67-seat screening
facility.
•
Pickford
Center for Motion
Picture
It
is located in central Hollywood and named
for legendary actress and Academy founder
Mary Pickford, houses several Academy
departments, including the Academy Film
Archive, the Science and Technology
Council, and the Grants and Nicholl
Fellowship programs. The building,
originally dedicated on August 18, 1948,
is the oldest surviving structure in
Hollywood that was designed specifically
with television in mind. Additionally, it
is the location of the Linwood Dunn
Theater, which seats 286
people.
•
The
Fairbanks Center for Motion Picture
Study
is
located at 333 S. La Cienega Boulevard in
Beverly Hills. It is home to the Academy's
Margaret Herrick Library, a
world-renowned, non-circulating reference
and research collection devoted to the
history and development of the motion
picture as an art form and an industry.
Established in 1928, the library is open
to the public and used year-round by
students, scholars, historians and
industry professionals. The library is
named for Margaret Herrick, the Academy's
first librarian who also played a major
role in the Academy's first televised
broadcast, helping to turn the Oscar
ceremony into a major annual televised
event.of cinema lovers glue themselves to
their television sets to learn who will
receive the little golden statuette.
••••The
building itself was built in 1928, where
it was originally built to be a water
treatment plant for Beverly Hills. Its
"bell tower" held water-purifying
hardware.
Former
•
Academy
Theater in New
York
The Academy's New York City-based East
Coast showcase theater, the Academy
Theater was located in the building at 111
East 59th Street headquarters of the
non-profit vision loss organization
Lighthouse International that leased its
theater to the Academy since 2002. The
220-seat venue was redesigned in 2011 by
renowned theater designer Theo
Kalomirakis, including an extensive
installation of new audio and visual
equipment.of cinema lovers glue themselves
to their television sets to learn who will
receive the little golden statuette.
••••In
July 2015, it was announced that the
Academy was forced to move out of what it
called its "East Coast home," due to
Lighthouse International selling the
property the theater was in.
Upcoming
•
The
Academy Museum of Motion
Pictures
is
currently under construction by the
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and
Sciences. It is scheduled to open in 2018
and will contain over 290,000 square feet
(27,000 m2) of galleries, exhibition
spaces, movie theaters, educational areas,
and special-event spaces.of cinema lovers
glue themselves to their television sets
to learn who will receive the little
golden statuette.
••••The
Academy Museum will be located next to the
Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA)
campus, in the historic 1939 May Company
building on Wilshire Boulevard, which will
be extensively expanded and renovated to
accommodate the museum.of cinema lovers
glue themselves to their television sets
to learn who will receive the little
golden statuette.
••••The
Academy Museum of Motion Pictures will be
the world's premier museum devoted to
exploring and curating the history and
future of the moving image.
•
Membership
Membership
in the Academy is by invitation only.
Invitation comes from the Board of
Governors. Membership eligibility may be
achieved by earning a competitive Oscar
nomination, or by the sponsorship of two
current Academy members from the same
branch to which the candidate seeks
admission.of cinema lovers glue themselves
to their television sets to learn who will
receive the little golden statuette.
••••New
membership proposals are considered
annually in the spring. The Academy does
not publicly disclose its full membership,
although press releases have announced the
names of those who have recently been
invited to join. Membership in the Academy
does not expire, even if a member
struggles later in his or her career.of
cinema lovers glue themselves to their
television sets to learn who will receive
the little golden statuette.
••••Academy
membership is divided into 17 branches,
representing different disciplines in
motion pictures. Members may not belong to
more than one branch. Members whose work
does not fall within one of the branches
may belong to a group known as "Members at
Large ." Members at Large have all the
privileges of branch membership except for
representation on the Board. Associate
members are those closely allied to the
industry but not actively engaged in
motion picture production. They are not
represented on the Board and do not vote
on Academy Awards.of cinema lovers glue
themselves to their television sets to
learn who will receive the little golden
statuette.
••••According
to a February 2012 study conducted by the
Los Angeles Times (sampling over 5,000 of
its 5,765 members), the Academy at that
time was 94% white, 77% male, 86% age 50
or older, and had a median age of 62. A
third of members were previous winners or
nominees of Academy Awards themselves. Of
the academy's 43-member board of
governors, only six were female; Cheryl
Boone Isaacs was the sole person of color
on the board.of cinema lovers glue
themselves to their television sets to
learn who will receive the little golden
statuette.
••••June
29, 2016 saw a paradigm shift in the
Academy's selection process, resulting in
a new class comprising 46% women, and 41%
people of color. The effort to diversify
the Academy was led by social activist,
and Broadway Black managing-editor, April
Reign. Reign created the Twitter hashtag
#OscarsSoWhite as a means of criticizing
the dearth of non-white nominees for the
2015 Academy Awards. Though the hashtag
drew widespread media attention, the
Academy remained obstinate on the matter
of adopting a resolution that would make
demonstrable its efforts to increase
diversity. With the 2016 Academy Awards,
many, including April Reign, were dismayed
by the Academy's insouciance about
representation and inclusion, as the 2016
nominees were once again entirely white.
April Reign revived #OscarsSoWhite, and
renewed her campaign efforts, including
multiple media appearances and interviews
with reputable news outlets. As a result
of Reign's campaign, the discourse
surrounding representation and recognition
in film spread beyond the United States of
America and became a global discussion.
Faced with mounting pressure to modernize
the Academy membership, the Academy
capitulated and instituted all new
policies to ensure that future Academy
membership invitations would better
represent the demographics of modern
film-going audiences. In 2016, the Academy
invited 683 new members that were made up
of nearly half women and people of color,
but it was still disproportionately white
and male (89% and 73%, respectively); it
is committed to doubling the number of
women and minorities in its group by
2020.of cinema lovers glue themselves to
their television sets to learn who will
receive the little golden statuette.
••••Members
are able to see many new films for free at
the Samuel Goldwyn Theater and other
facilities[clarification needed]
within two weeks of their debut, and
sometimes before release; in addition,
some of the screeners are available
through iTunes to its members.
•
Academy
branches
The
17 branches of the Academy are:
•
Actors
•
Castingdirectors
(created July 31, 2013)
•
Cinematographers
•
Costume
Designers (created from former Art
Directors Branch)
•
Designers
(created from former Art Directors
Branch)[
•
Directors
•
Documentary
•
Executives
•
Film
Editors
•
Make-up
Artitsts and Hairstylists
•
Music
•
Producers
•
Public
Relations
•
Short
Films and Feature Animation
• Sound
•
Visual
Effects
•
Writers
•
Board
of
Governor
As
of April 2014, the Board of Governors
consists of 51 members (governors),
consisting of three governors from each of
the 17 Academy branches. The Makeup
Artists and Hairstylists Branch, created
in 2006, had only one governor until July
2013. The Casting Directors Branch,
created in 2013, elected its first three
governors in Fall 2013. The Board of
Governors is responsible for corporate
management, control and general policies.
The Board of Governors also appoints a CEO
and a COO to supervise the administrative
activities of the Academy.
•
Original
36 founders of the
Academy
From
the original formal banquet which was
hosted by Louis B. Mayer in 1927, everyone
invited became a founder of the
Academy:
|
|
Actors
• Richard Barthelmess
• Jack Holt
• Conrad Nagel
• Milton Sills
• Douglas Fairbanks
• Harold Lloyd
• Mary Pickford
Directors
• Cecil B. DeMille
• Frank Lloyd
•Henry King
• Fred Niblo
• John M. Stahl
• Raoul Walsh
|
Lawyers
• Edwin Loeb
• George W. Cohen
Producers
• Fred Beetson
• Charles H. Christie
• Sid Grauman
• Milton E. Hoffman
• Jesse L. Lasky
• M. C. Levee
• Louis B. Mayer
• Joseph M. Schenck
• Irving Thalberg
• Harry Warner
• Jack L. Warner
• Harry Rapf
|
Technicians
• J. Arthur Ball
• Cedric Gibbons
• Roy J. Pomeroy
Writers
• Joseph W. Farnham
• Benjamin Glazer
• Jeanie MacPherson
• Bess Meredyth
• Carey Wilson
• Frank E. Woods
|
|
*******************************************
Respectfully
Josie
Cory
Publisher/Editor TVI Magazine
TVI
Magazine, tvinews.net, the Academy,
Associated press, Reuters, BBC, LA Times,
NY Times, Wikipedia and VRA's D-Diaries
were used in compiling and ascertaining
this news report.
LookRadio.com
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