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•
1900
- PATENT EXPIRES: Thomas A. Edison's 1883 Edison
Effect
Patent. •
1904
/ CLICK FOR NBS Study "K" TIMELINE
- Part01 •
03.
Editors Note /
Free
Use •
ThankYou
with a *NBSWiTel™©AFact
-
Denotes an Authorized NBS Wireless
Telephone™ ©
®
Fact or Event Since 1892-2008.
4.
Related Stories
/ •
CLICK
TO GO TO PRIOR PAGE Page 1535 - TIMELINE - •
1766
- 1867 /
CLICK FOR NBS Study "K" TIMELINE
- *
Photos
courtesy of Special Collections and Archives of the
Stubblefield Wireless Trust and Murray State
University. The Wireless Telephone and other marks
© ® and ™ by the Stubblefield Family
Fund. www.nbstubblefield.com
/
www.wirelesstelephone.org
/ www.nbs100.com
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1.
Feature
Story
/
•
1900
to 1904
/
•
1900 - There are now 855,900 telephones in the Bell
Telephone System.
•
1900al - Alexanderson graduated as an
electrical-mechanical engineer from the Royal
Institute of Technology in Stockholm.
•
1900m - PATENT: Guglielmo Marconi Was Issued His
Famous Patent 7777 - (Patent Expires In 1917) -
England. (Note: Stubblefield's 1898 held patented
rights For Electrolytic Ground Connections To
Antenna). The Wireless Telegraph Trading Signal Co.
Ltd. (formed in 1897), changes its name to the
Marconi Telegraph Co.
•
1900m
- PATENT
FILED - Marconi's Patent
763,772 "Apparatus for Wireless Telegraphy" Filed
Nov. 10 1900, Issued June 28,
1904.
Marconi took out his famous "four seven'spatent
No. 777 for "tuned or synonic telegraphy."
The
1904 U.S. version of the 7777 patent,
U.S. patent No. 763,772, was found to be
invalid in a celebrated 1943 Supreme Court
decision.
CLICK TO VIEW
PATENT
•
1900m
- PATENT
- Marconi's U.S.
Patent 647,007
"Apparatus
Employed in Wireless Telegraphy"
Filed
June 13, 1899 Granted
April 10, 1900.
CLICK TO VIEW
PATENT
•
1900m
- PATENT
- Marconi's U.S.
Patent 647,008
"Apparatus
Employed in Wireless
Telegraphy",
Filed Dec. 26, 1899 Granted April 10, 1900.
CLICK TO VIEW
PATENT
•
1900m - PATENT
- Marconi's U.S.
Patent 647,009
"Apparatus
Employed in Wireless Telegraphy"
Filed
Dec. 26, 1899, Granted April 10, 1900,
CLICK TO VIEW
PATENT
•
1900m - PATENT
- Marconi's U.S.
Patent 650,109 "Apparatus Employed in Wireless
Telegraphy" Filed Oct. 10, 1899, Granted May 22,
1900.
CLICK TO VIEW
PATENT
•
1900m - PATENT
- Marconi's U.S.
Patent 650,110 "Apparatus Employed in Wireless
Telegraphy" Filed Oct. 12, 1899, Issued May 22,
1900. CLICK TO
VIEW
PATENT
•
1900r -1902 - Fessenden worked with the U.S.
Weather Bureau, on the understanding that the
Bureau could have access to any devices he invented
but that he would retain ownership. At the Weather
Bureau he invented the liquid barretter (an early
radio receiver) and attempted to work out a means
for wireless transmission of weather forecasts.
•
1900r 06 -
PATENT FILED
- Fessenden's U.S. Patent 706742 "Wireless
Signaling" (transmit-receive switch) Filed June
1900, Granted Aug. 12, 1902.
•
1900r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 644972 "Induction Coil for X-ray Apparatus"
Filed March 10, 1897, Granted March 6,
1900.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1900r
-
PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 648660, "X-ray Apparatus" Granted May 1,
1900.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1900r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 654390
"Induction-coil"
Granted July 24,
1900.
CLICK TO VIEW PATENT
•
1900r- Reginald Fessenden theorizes that an
alternator, as developed by Tesla, could generate
an electromagnetic wave able to carry voice and
music. He purportedly used a spark generator to
send the human voice the distance of about one
mile. No witnesses.
•
1900t - Tesla left Colorado Springs on January 7,
1900. The lab was torn down and its contents sold
to pay debts. He had run out of capital again and
returned to New York with the intention of
realising some money on his discoveries. He
patented these ideas and commenced writing articles
in many magazines. He claimed that would be able to
transmit electricity through the air to customers
providing "free electricity". Another idea was
conducting electricity through the Earth. He
proposed a "World System" of communications,
involving 12 aspects, most of which have been
realized, including a synchronous motor (AC) for
accurate time-keeping. The main financier of
General Electric, J.P. Morgan, heard of these
outrageous statements and that he was broke again.
Morgan in a surprisingly altruistic gesture agreed
to make a "no strings attached" gift of $150,000 to
get him off the ground with his World System. With
what he perceived as the complete backing of
Morgan, Tesla set out to build a large transmitting
station at Wardencliff, Long Island, 60 miles from
New York, but within a year had run out of money
again. He approached Morgan for a second time, but
JPM refused to dole out any more cash. It is
believed that Morgan considered the new project may
have undermined the thriving electricity industry,
which he controlled.
•
1900t - Tesla undertakes preparations for the
construction of the World Telegraphy radio
station.
•
1 900r - Fessenden, on December 23, 1900
transmitted his own voice over the first wireless
telephone from a site on Cobb Island in the middle
of the Potomac River near Washington, DC.
•
1900t
- Wardenclyffe
Tower.
Tesla, with
$150,000 (51% from J. Pierpont Morgan), began
planning the Wardenclyffe Tower
facility.
In June 1902, Tesla's
lab operations were moved to Wardenclyffe from
Houston Street. The tower was finally dismantled
for scrap during wartime. Newspapers of the time
labeled Wardenclyffe "Tesla's million-dollar
folly." See 1903 and 1904.
•
1900 - J.P. Morgan financed inventor and engineer
Nikola Tesla and his Wardenclyffe Tower. J.P.
Morgan invested the sum of $150,000 into the
project when Tesla actually needed $1,000,000.
•
1900 - J.P. Morgan. At the height of J.P. Morgan's
power and influence, during the early 1900s, he
controlled a hundred corporations with more than
$22 billion in assets, one of which was the first
billion-dollar corporation, U.S. Steel Company.
•
1900 - Carnegie establishes Techical schools, which
evolved into Carnegie Mellon University.
•
1900t
-
PATENT
- Tesla's U.S. Patent 645,576 307 System of
Transmission of Electrical Energy, Filed Sept.
2, 1897, Granted March 20,1900. - CLICK TO VIEW
PATENT
•
1900t
- PATENT - Tesla's U.S. Patent 11,865 Method
Of Insulating Electric Conductors, Granted Oct.
23, 1900. - CLICK TO VIEW
PATENT
•
1900t
-
PATENT FILED
- Tesla's U.S. Patent 787,412 361
"Art of Transmitting Electrical Energy Through
the Natural Mediums" Filed May 16, 1900,
Granted April 18,
1905.
•
1900t - PATENT
FILED - Tesla's U.S. Patent 723,188 367
"Method of Signaling" Filed July 16, 1900,
Granted March 17, 1903.
•
1900t -
PATENT FILED - Tesla's U.S. Patent 725,605
372 "System of Signaling" Filed July 16,
1900, Granted April 14, 1903.
•
1900 - Charles Dow elected president of Dow Jones.
(NOTE: There is no official record of who was the
first president of Dow Jones, since the Company
kept no official records before 1900.)
•
1901 - Carnegie sells out to J.P. Morgan for $480
million, a move which allows Morgan to create US
Steel, and makes Carnegie the richest man in the
world. Carnegie establishes the Carnegie Trust for
the Universities of Scotland.
•
1900 - Standard Oil maintains its peak influence.
Its dividends surge to 31 and its control of the
market is uncontested.
•
1901 - September: An anarchist assassinates
President McKinley. Vice President Theodore
Roosevelt becomes president. His vehement antitrust
rhetoric will target corporations such as Standard
Oil.
•
1901 - Theodore Roosevelt: Twenty-Sixth U.S.
President, 1901-1909. (b. October 27, 1858 in
New York, New York , d. January 6, 1919 in Oyster
Bay, New York). Married to Edith Kermit Carow
Roosevelt.
•
1901 - J.P. Morgan purchases Carnegie Steel from
Andrew Carnegie, leading to the creation of U.S.
Steel, the first billion-dollar corporation and a
landmark in business consolidation.
•
1901
0808 - NBS. Wireless Telegraph Company Of America -
August 8, 1901, New Jersey, Incorporated, $3.000.
(A Gehring
Company).
•
1901
1212 - Marconi. First Transatlantic Telegraph
Signal (Dit
Dahs)
-
Guglielmo Marconi, George Stephen Kemp and Percy
Paget. - It was near noon on December 12, 1901,
when Marconi himself heard the letter "S" being
transmitted from a 10kw station at Poldhu,
Cornwall, Great Britain to Signal Hill, St. John's,
Newfoundland, Canada. Note: Only Marconi heard the
"S"; The stations spark transmitters were powered
by a 75 kw alternator driven by a coal-fired steam
engine. The antenna was an inverted pyramid of
copper wires supported by four latticework towers
that were 210 foot high
•
1901 - Karl Ferdinand Braun introduces the use of a
crystal detector as part of a wireless
receiver.
•
1901m 1212 - First trans-atlantic Morse Code letter
"S" transmission in December, 1901. Marconi's
antenna, held aloft by a kite, responded to the
faint signal -- -di di dit - letter, "S", that was
purportedly transmitted from Poldhun Cornwall,
Wales. The "S" was supposedly heard by Marconi with
the earphone held closely to his ear.
•••
Marconi and his men heard the signal some 25 times
that day, but they made no announcements to the
curious members of the press waiting in town. For
three more days, they kept their windy vigil on
Signal Hill. Finally, when they realized they were
not likely to get any stronger signals, Marconi
called for a photographer to come up and make a
photographic record of the men who had made history
here. On December 16, 1901, the world press
headlined the scientific story of the year. Marconi
had confounded the world's leading physicists. He
proved that a message tapped out in Cornwall could
be sent forth on an electromagnetic wave, and ride
over the curving Atlantic at roughly the speed of
light, curving over the sea as the earth
curved.
•••
Scientists then didn't know why that signal curved,
but any physics teacher, any encyclopedia can now
tell you why. It's because of something called the
ionosphere.
•
1901al - Alexanderson spent a year of postgraduate
work at the Technical University (Technische
Hochschule in Berlin - Charlottenburg) Germany. It
was in Berlin that Alexanderson read "Alternating
Current Phenomena" by Dr. Charles Steinmetz, the
mathematics genius at General Electric. The book
inspired him so much that he decided to come to the
U.S. to meet Steinmetz and seek work with him at
General Electric.
•
1901m
- Marconi built a station near Wellfleet,
Massachusetts. It was first called CC (Cape Cod),
then MCC (Marconi Cape Cod)
and finally WCC when
the U.S. Government issued "W" call letters to
stations east of the Mississippi. In 1903, from
this station, Marconi sent the famous message from
the President of the U.S. to the King of the United
Kingdom. This message was sent directly from
Welfleet to England, without being relayed via the
Marconi station at Glace Bay, Nova Scotia. During
WWI, all radio stations went off the air. When the
war was over, Marconi had planned to move this
station to Chatham, mainly because the ocean had
eroded the cliff where the Welfleet station stood.
Reportedly, the U.S. Government was worried about
foreign ownership of radio stations.
•
1901m
0219 - PATENT
- Marconi's U.S.
Patent 668,315
"Receiver
for Electrical
Oscillation"
Filed July 17, 1900 , Issued February 19, 1901.
CLICK TO
VIEW
PATENT
•
1901m
0611 - PATENT
- Marconi's U.S.
Patent 676,332"Apparatus for Wirless Telegraphy"
Filed Feb. 23, 1901, Issued June 11,
1901.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1901r - Reginald Fessenden's own 1901, unsuccessful
demonstration of voice transmission via spark were
doomed right from the start, because of the
inherent problems created by spark coils.
•••
Shortly after seeing the Stubblefield
demonstrations attending by General Squire, Tesla,
Bell, Westinghouse, and other industry leaders, he
developed his own electrolytic detector and other
EMW related devices that he thought would improve
on the Stubblefield RF transmitting unit. His
patents clearly avoided the term Wireless
Telephone™. It wasn't long after Fessenden
left the weather bureau that he formed his own
organization, the National Electric Signaling
Company (NESC) -- in 1906, with the backing of two
Pittsburgh financiers, Hay Walker, Jr., and Thomas
E. Given.
•
1901r
11 - PATENT FILED - Fessenden's U.S. Patent 706741,
Fessenden "Apparatus for Wireless Telegraphy"
(compressed air spark gap transmitter) Filed Nov.
1901, Granted Aug. 12, 1902.
•
1901t-1905 - The construction of the World
Telegraphy radio-station on Long Island. 1901.
Publication of the prospectus "World System."
•
1901t
-
PATENT
-
Tesla's
U.S. Patent 685,012 Means for Increasing the
Intensity of Electrical Oscillation,
Filed March 1, 1900, Granted Oct. 22, 1901.
CLICK TO VIEW
PATENT.
•
1902
/ CLICK FOR NBS Study "K" TIMELINE -
•
1902 - AT&T authorizes its Engineering
Department to develop a 10,000 line machine
switching exchange. It is suggested that a study of
the Strowger system would serve as an aid to
discovering what difficulties must be overcome.
•
1902
- Dr. R. P. Crawford began operating his electric
power plant in Calloway County,
Kentucky.
•
1902 - Marconi has been the recipient of honorary
doctorates of several universities and many other
international honors and awards. He was decorated
by the Tsar of Russia with the Order of St. Anne,
the King of Italy created him Commander of the
Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus, and awarded
him the Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of
Italy in 1902.
•
1902
- Marie and Pierre Curie over several years of
unceasing labor they refined several tons
of
pitchblende,
progressively
concentrating the radioactive components, and
eventually isolating the chloride salts (refining
radium chloride on April 20, 1902) and then two new
chemical elements. The first they named polonium
after Marie's native country Poland, and the other
was named radium from its intense
radioactivity.
•
1902 0719 - Philippine War officially ended on July
19, 1902 in the Philippines, with more than 4,200
U.S. soldiers, 20,000 Filipino soldiers, and
200,000 Filipino civilians dead.
•
1902 - Carnegie creates the Carnegie Institution of
Washington, a national scientific research
institution that would be a resource for all
universities.
•
1902 - Dow Jones co-founder Charles Dow dies.
•
1902al - Alexanderson emigrated to the U.S. and
spent much of his life working for the General
Electric company.
•
1902d
- The De Forest Wireless Telegraph Company is
formed,
but like other
firms De Forest would start, it failed because of
poor business practices.
•
1902m - Marconi continued to use longwaves (lower
frequencies). However there is little doubt that by
February 1902, Marconi's apparatus was reliably
receiving complete messages at 2500 km (1550 miles)
at night and 1100 km (700 miles) by day, and
usually picked up a special test signal at 3400 km
(2100 miles), the distance of Poldhu to
Newfoundland. By 1903, the Marconi Company was
carrying regular transatlantic news
transmissions.
•
1902m
- The magnetic detector is invented by Marconi.
•
1902m 12 - Marconi builds a radio station at Glace
Bay, N.S., Canada. It is during the trip that he
discovers the harmful influence of solar radiation
on transmission. Thus the creation of the Magnetic
Detector. The station at Glace was set up as the
transmitting station, while the station in Europe
at Poldhu was the receiving station. They would use
the cable line as a means to verify communications
between the two stations. On December 15th, the
first official messages came through from Table
Head to Poldhu saying, "we have received some
signals."
•
1902r - After a squabble over patent rights
Fessenden resigned from the United States Weather
Bureau.
•
1902r - Fessenden first read in the newspapers
about the Stubblefield Wireless Telephone™
public demonstrations that were going to be taking
place in Philadelphia and Washington, D.C.
•
1902r
- Reginald Fessenden utilizes Stubblefield's
'Electrolytic Detector.'
•
1902r- Fessenden forms the National Electric
Signaling Company.
•
1902s
- Nathan B. Stubblefield, was now the chairman of
his own NBS Enterprise Holding
Company,
who loved the
spotlight. By 1902, his company has been acquiring
various partners, several of them in telegraphy
industry.
•
1902r
-
PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S. Patent 706740 "Wireless
Signaling" (heterodyne principle) Filed Sept. 20,
1901, Granted August 12,
1902.
CLICK TO VIEW PATENT
•
1902r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 706741 "Apparatus for Wireless Telegraphy"
(compressed air spark gap transmitter) Filed Nov.
1901, Granted Aug. 12, 1902.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1902r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 706742 "Wireless Signaling"(transmit-receive
switch), Filed June 1900, Granted Aug. 12,
1902.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1902r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 706744 "Current Actuated Wave Responsive
Device" ("barretter" detector) Granted Filed July
1, 1902, Granted August 12, 1902.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1902r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 706745 "Signaling by Electromagnetic Waves"
Filed July 1, 1902, Granted August 12, 1902.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1902r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 706746 "Signaling by Electromagnetic Waves"
(ground plane) Granted August 12,
1902.
CLICK TO VIEW PATENT
•
1902r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 706747 "Apparatus for Signaling by
Electromagnetic Waves" (voice modulation of 50 kHz
alternator -- continuous wave transmitter) Granted
August 12, 1902. CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1902r
-
PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 715203 "Selective Signaling by
Electromagnetic Waves" (multiplex transmission and
reception) Granted Dec. 2,
1902.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1902s 01 - Public Radio Demonstration January 1,
Townsquare in Murray.
•
1902s 01 - Stubblefield claims the leader of
wireless telephone broadcast (Voice) after the
second of four public wireless telephone
demonstrations held in the U.S. The demonstration
was held on January 1, 1902, -- 21 days after the
Marconi "S" was transmitted, Stubblefield's first
public wireless telephone demonstrations was in
1892 (see - 1892). The St. Louis Post Dispatch on
Sunday, January 12, 1902 headlined the Stubblefield
event as: "Kentucky Farmer Invents Wireless
Telephone." The broadcast took place in the town
square of Murray, Kentucky, utilizing
Stubblefield's electrolytic grounded and groundless
antenna system.The wireless telephone transmitter
and receivers were placed 200 feet apart within a
radius of about a mile and one half listening to
the same voice broadcast. - See N.B. Stubblefield
and his Industrial College FOR MORE STORY.
•
1902s
0101 - The Stubblefield public demonstrations of
voice and music transmission was connected to five
receiving locations on the courthouse square in
Murray January 1, 1902, witnessed by at least 1,000
persons, apparently using voice frequency
transmission through earth conduction, to a radius
of one-half mile.
•••
The transmitters were also connected directly to
the local wired telephone exchange; The station's
transmitters were powered by an array of dry cell
batteries. Two types of antennas were used. A loop
antenna connected to a copper wire supported by two
small towers that were 25 foot high; What is the
Relevancy of Stubblefield's wireless telephone to
the Internet? In this exhibit, one of the
transmitters was connected directly to the local
telephone company's switch board for mass
party-line broadcasting, tantamount to the EMW
theory that operates today's wireless Wi-Fi
"HotSpots" and Bluetooth systems. *(See Footnotes.)
* See Bluetooth and See SBC press.
•
1902s
0101 - TRUMBULL WHITE ARTICLE about Stubblefield.
Marconi's name was linked with that of Stubblefield
by Trumbull White in 1902 in a copyrighted book
"The World's
Progress."
In this same book
(a copy is on file in the Library of Congress) is
an article on "Telephoning Without Wires. " On page
297, Trumbull White wrote: "Of very recent success
are the experiments of Marconi with wireless
telegraphy, an astounding and important advance
over the ordinary system of telegraphy through
wires."Now comes the announcement that an American
inventor (Stubblefield), unheralded and modest has
carried out successful experiments of telephoning
and is able to transmit speech without wires.
•••
• 1902s 0101 - "Nathan B. Stubblefield had
startled the world in his demonstrations January,
1902 by transmitting the human voice over airways.
He was well educated and as a boy had been a
student of the old Male and Female Institute
(Purchased by his father, William Jefferson
Stubblefield, in 1871). "The Story of Calloway
County," Published by Kerby and Dorothy
Jennings.
•
1902s
0110 - Reporter from the Louis Post-Dispatch meets
Nathan Stubblefield for private demonstration, on
January 10.
•
1902s 0112 - St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Article
"Kentucky Invents Wireless Telephone."
•
1902s
0208 - Scientific American: Notes concerning Nathan
Stubblefield's wireless telephony
instruments.
•
1902s
0212 - Stubblefield in 1902 was in a sense the
"Father of Broadcasting, in that he said to the St.
Louis Post Dispatch reporter in 1902,
"...
it is capable of
sending simultaneous messages from a central
distributing station over a very wide territory.
For instance, anyone having a receiving instrument,
which would consist merely of a telephone receiver
and a signaling gong, could, upon being signalled
by a transmitting station in Washington, or nearer,
if advisable, be informed of weather news. My
apparatus is capable of sending out a gong signal,
as well as voice messages. Eventually, it will be
used for the general transmission of news of every
description."
•
1902s 0308 - Scientific American, Article "Work in
the Field of Wireless Telephony."
•
02
/ TimeLine
/ NBS
First Ship To Shore Wireless Telephone
Demonstrations
•
1902s 0320 - First Marine Radio Demonstration,
Washington, D. C. on the Potomac River, Steamer
Bartholdi. Nathan B. Stubblefield chose the ship,
named after French sculptor
Frédéric Auguste
Bartholdi, who designed and
in 1879 received the design patent for the Statue
of Liberty.
•
1902s
0320 - Stubblefield's - World's First Ship To Shore
Wireless Radio Telephone Broadcast - Washington
Demonstration. On March 20, 1902, Stubblefield set
up a demonstration on the Potomac River in
Washington, utilizing his "groundless antenna"
connected to the mast of the
ship. The stations
transmitters were powered by an array of dry cell
batteries. Two types of antennas were used. A loop
antenna connected to copper wires supported by two
50 foot towers on the shore-line. On the Bartholdi,
the yacht's mast supported the antenna. What is the
Relevancy of Stubblefield's wireless telephone to
the Internet? In this exhibit, one of the
transmitters was connected directly to the local
telephone company's switch board for mass
party-line broadcasting.
•
1902s 0320 - Stubblefield's inventions did not lead
directly to radio as the technology works today,
but the public demonstrations in 1902 and the press
coverage in the New York Times, the Philadelphia
Enquirer, the Washington Post, the Louisville
Courier Journal, Scientific American, and elsewhere
may have helped to spur public interest in the
possibilities of wireless transmission of voice and
music. Most other inventors of the era sought to
provide point-to point messaging, to compete with
the telephone and telegraph companies.
•
1902s
0320 - Washington Post Article - "First Wireless
Transmission Between Ship and Shore off
Georgtown."
•
1902s 0321 - The Evening Star of Washington, under
the headline, "by Land and Water -- First Practical
Test of Wireless Telephony," reported: "That
wireless teelphony is possible was demonstrated
yesterday beyond question by Nathan Stubblefield of
Murray, Ky., in a series of public tests on the
Potomac River and on the Virginia shore."
•
1902s
0321 - Wireless Telephone. St. Louis-Post Dispatch,
"Messages Over Wireless
Phone."
•
1902s 0522 - NBS. Stubblefield's Wireless Telephone
Company Of America Incorporation Papers Filed In
Prescott, Arizona, on May 22, 1902. Gehring,
Stubblefield and Fennell, incorporated their new
company in the State of Arizona, 75% of the
Collins' Wireless Telephone Company was given to
Stubblefield, for the patent rights in Canada.
•
1902s 0524 - NBS. Scientific American, Article "The
Latest Advance in Wireless Telephony." (Page 363).
By Waldon Fawcett.
•
1902s
0530 - Stubblefield's - Philadelphia Wireless Radio
Telephone Demonstration
-
On May 30,
1902, just a little over two months after this
Washington Demonstration, Stubblefield gave
demonstrations of his wireless telephone in
Philadelphia at the Belmont Mansion.
•
1902s 0530 - Stubblefield's Philadelphia Wireless
Radio Telephone Demonstration - On May 30, 1902,
just a little over two months after the Washington
Demonstration, Stubblefield gave the same
demonstrations of his wireless telephone in
Philadelphia at the Belmont Mansion. What is the
Relevancy of Stubblefield's wireless telephone to
the Internet? In this exhibit, one of the
transmitters was connected directly to the local
telephone company's switch board for mass
party-line broadcasting. The term aerial is used to
describe the NBS electrolytic coil aerial.
•
1902s 06 - "Fame was in Stubblefield's grasp," Dr.
Mason said. He saw a written offfer of $40,000 for
a part inteest in the invention. Speculators,
reportes and "scientists" came to Murray to
interview Stubblefield.
•
1902s 0607 - Stubblefield's Philadelphia Wireless
Telephone Demonstration - On June 7, 1902,
Stubblefield again demonstrated his apparatus in
Philadelphia. This test took place on the banks of
the Schuylkill River, from the Belmont Pumping
Station To The Pennsylvania Railroad Bridge, a
distance of about one and one half miles. --
Miller.
•
••
What is the Relevancy of Stubblefield's
wireless telephone to the Internet? In this
exhibit, again, one of the transmitters was
connected directly to the local telephone company's
switch board for mass party-line broadcasting. The
term antenna is used to describe the NBS
electrolytic coil aerial.
•
1902s 06 - Tests in New York City in June, 1902
were less successful because of electrical
interference from alternating current power in
widespread use there. He joined wireless inventor
Archie Frederick Collins and stock promoters in the
Wireless Telephone Company of America, but resigned
in disgust in June, 1902 (Lochte). -- Back home in
Murray, he continued to experiment with wireless
telephony, using large circular conduction coils to
transmit voice frequencies to receiving
stations.
•
1902s
0611 - Stubblefield's New York Demonstration,
between June 11 - July 11, at Manhattan's Battery
Parks. Stubblefield's New York
Demonstration
- is held jointly
with his Wireless Telephone Company Of America - to
show case his newly designed aerial and speaker
system apparatus. What is the Relevancy of
Stubblefield's wireless telephone to the Internet?
In this exhibit, again, one of the transmitters was
connected directly to the local telephone company's
switch board for mass party-line broadcasting.
•
1902s 0619 - LETTER - Stubblefield writes Letter to
WTCA, Wireless Telephon Company of America, Stevens
House, New York. Letter to Mr. Turner, Secretary of
the Wireless Telepon Company of Amrica, New York
regards Gerald M. Fennel, the promoter of WTCA.
Nathan B. Stubblefield Journal Notes.
•••
Dear Sir:
•••
Mr. Gerald M. Fennel, the promoter of our company,
had had letters from me, of which you have a copy.
He has answered same, cleverly evading and
practicing fraud or deception as usual, and there
REMAINS NOTHING FOR ME TO DO BUT TO GO HOME. I
regret very much that such has been the ending, and
regret very much that my name is connected in any
way with this concern. I shall take immediate steps
when I reach home to turn on the lights that the
public may not be swindled by this fellow as I have
been.
•
1902s 0620 - Nathan Stubblefield. "It is our
contention," says Troy Cory, "that it was in 1902,
during my grandfather's wireless radio telephone
demonstrations in Philadelphia, and at the world's
first ship-to-shore wireless telephone broadcast
event in Washington, D.C., on the Potomac River,
that he got his first taste of what it meant in
being away from his family and his industrial
college, he called Teléph-on-délgreen
of Murray, Kentucky. It was at this time, he
commenced his active business activities with
author, Frederick Collins, Nikola Tesla, and
General George O. Squier, of the U.S. Army Signal
Corps. See Photos. The dress code Nathan subscribed
to, can be seen in the various photos of Nathan in
a Derby Hat and stiff colored shirts, posing with
his family, business associates, and contemporary
scientists.
•
1902s 0620 - Nathan Stubblefield. Competitors were
in the business to lure franchises and clients away
from his NBS WiFi system, by converting them to use
their land-lines, by using their size, global reach
and corporate connections as selling points. Nathan
eschewed those tactics, vowing, for example, to
shun representing Dit-Dah and the Dit-Dah
corporations, using the Morse Code as messages.
•
1902s
0702 - Ship To Ship Demonstration by Frederick
Collins, on July 2, 1902, for Erie Railroad.
Collins used the same Stubblefield Wireless Radio
Telephone, Stubblefield used in the March 20th
Potomac demonstration, utilizing Collins' marine
updates. The term antenna is used to describe the
NBS electrolytic coil aerial.
•
1902
- PATENT FILED - Tesla's U.S. Patent 1,119,732
378 Apparatus for Transmitting Electrical
Energy, Filed Jan. 18, 1902, Granted Dec. 1,
1914.
•
1903
/ CLICK FOR NBS Study "K" TIMELINE
-
•
1903
- BERLIN CONFERENCE - In 1903, Germany
sponsored a "preliminary conference concerning
wireless telegraphy", which reviewed some of the
outstanding international issues related to the
developing
technology.
Although the
conference found some areas of agreement, there
were still unresolved disputes, especially about
intercommunication between stations owned by
different companies. The Conference's Final
Protocol outlined issues which the governments of
the participating countries were asked to review,
pending a proposed international convention, which
convened in 1906.
•
1903 - Coin collecting pay telephones are
introduced in New York, The collector was a single
slot model and the charge for a local call was ten
cents.
•
1903 - Lamps were the principal source of lighting
and the only source of illumination prior to 1903.
A few stores in Murray were alight with new
electric lights early in the century, but they were
limited to a single bulb or two of less than 40
watt capacity.
•
1903 - Wright Brothers Orville and Wilbur, fly the
first motor power-controlled, heavier-than-air
plane at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December
17. Although the 1902 flyer was the first
truly-effective heavier-than-air craft, it didn't
have a propulsion system, and so counts only as a
glider, not as an airplane. The problem for the
Wrights in 1903 was to develop a powered machine.
Maj. Squier, first passenger; Henry Ford Organizes
Ford Motor Company.
•
1903do
1211 -
PATENT EXPIRES:
Wireless Telegraph - Induction; Emerson Amos
Dolbear's 1886 Wireless Telegraph Induction Patent
expires.
•
1903m - Marconi received the freedom of the City of
Rome (1903), and was created Chevalier of the Civil
Order of Savoy in 1905. Many other distinctions of
this kind followed. In 1914 he was both created a
Senatore in the Italian Senate and appointed
Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian
Order in England. He received the hereditary title
of Marchese in 1929.
•
1903m - Marconi establishes the first press agency
between Europe and America. January 18th, the first
two-way transatlantic transmission between Poldhu,
England and Cape Code, Mass. USA.
•
1903r - Fessenden developed a new receiving
mechanism -- the electrolytic detector and another
less successful called a barretter detector. As his
work progressed Fessenden evolved the heterodyne
system. However, due to faulty construction and the
fact that it was ahead of its time, heterodyne
reception was not fully appreciated until the
oscillating triode was devised, thus allowing a
practical means of generating the local frequency.
Between 1905 and 1913 Fessenden developed a
completely self-sustaining wireless system.
•
1903r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 727327 "Receiver for Electromagnetic Waves"
Filed Sept. 27, 1902, Granted May, 1903.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1903r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 727328 "Receiver for Signaling" Filed Dec.
20, 1902, Issued May 5, 1903.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1903r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 727329 "Signaling by Electromagnetic Waves"
Filed March 14, 1902, Granted May,
1903.
CLICK TO VIEW PATENT
•
1903r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 727330 "Signaling by Electromagnetic Waves"
Filed March 21, 1903, Issued May 5, 1903.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1903r
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent 727331 "Receiver for
Electromagnetic
Waves"
•
1903
- PATENT
- Fessenden's U.S.
Patent RE12115 "Receiver for Electromagnetic Waves"
-- duplicate of 727331 May 5, 1903, reissued
May 26, 1903. CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT
•
1903r- In 1903 Fessenden's first high-frequency
Tesla type of alternator for continuous wave
transmission, was built to his specifications by
General Electric, E. F. W. Alexanderson, one of the
Smart Daaf Boys. The Alexanderson alternator, which
produced such alternating currents, was done at
General Electric, (Charles Proteus Steinmetz, was
CEO of GE at the time). Fessenden sent a voice
message to an assistant 50 miles away, and another
voice sound was heard at his experimental towers in
Scotland. In 1904 he was hired to help engineer the
Niagara Falls power plant for the newly formed
Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario.
•
1903s - In 1903, Stubblefield could transmit 375
feet without earth ground aerial connections, for
moving vehicles, mobile phones.
•
1903s - Marconi's thoughts were focused on
perfecting a way to send the Morse Code and voice
wirelessly through the Sky, using his own
telegraphy devices, and a telephony device he
picked up in Philadelphia in 1903, after a Collins'
telephony demonstration.
•
1903t - PATENT -
Tesla's U.S. Patent 723,188 367 "Method of
Signaling" Filed July 16, 1900, Granted March
17, 1903.
•
1903t -
PATENT - Tesla's U.S. Patent 725,605 372
"System of Signaling" Filed July 16, 1900,
Granted April 14, 1903.
•
1903 - Morgan and Tesla Towers. In 1903, when the
Wardenclyff tower structure was near completion, it
was still not yet functional because Tesla was
actually setting the tower up to not only send
radio signals around the world, but cheap or free
electrical power. When Marconi suddenly announced
his success transmitting the letter "S" using
wireless telegraphy (radio), J.P. Morgan began to
wonder why Tesla had not yet accomplished as much
and why it was costing so much. He thus began to
withdraw advances on the promised funding and
eventually stopped funding all together. J.P.
Morgan then abandoned Tesla when he found out what
Tesla's true purpose for Wardenclyff was because
Tesla's vision of free power did not agree with
J.P. Morgan's financial worldview. Construction
costs eventually exceeded the money provided by
J.P. Morgan, and additional financiers were
reluctant to come forth (since Tesla fell out of
favor with J.P. Morgan).
•
1903s
0501- THE COLLINS MARINE WIRELESS TELEPHONE CO.
formed in May
1903.
•
1904 - J.P. Morgan (and the other investors)
finally decided they would not provide any
additional financing to Tesla. J.P. Morgan also
encouraged other investors to avoid the project.
The tower was finally dismantled for scrap during
wartime. Newspapers of the time labeled
Wardenclyffe "Tesla's million-dollar folly", as
J.P. Morgan's huge PR campaign, created only to
discredit Tesla.
•
1904 - ROOSEVELT BOARD. Various U.S. Government
agencies, including the Navy, the Department of
Agriculture, and the Army's Signal Corps had all
begun setting up their own dit dah radio
transmitters, with little coordination between the
various departments. In 1904, President Theodore
Roosevelt appointed a board, consisting of
representatives from the various agencies, to
prepare recommendations for coordinating government
development of radio services. The 1904 "Roosevelt
Board" Report proposed assigning most of the
oversight of government radio to the Navy
Department, plus significant restrictions on
commercial stations.
•
1904 01 - U.S. enters Panama Canal Construction
with its Culebra Cut.
•
1904af - Ambrose Fleming serves as a chief research
developer and scientific consultant to the Marconi
company, and designs many pieces of early wireless
apparatus. He is charged to develop a new detector
for wireless signals. Fessenden commissions GE to
develop a high frequency alternator. E.F.W.
Alexanderson is put on the project. John Ambrose
Fleming invents the first tube, the "Fleming
Valve", Fessenden invents 'Heterodyne
reception'.
•
1904af - Fleming invents the first tube, the
"Fleming Valve", or as he called it - an
Oscillation Valve. His valve is a two element
rectifier, made by inserting a metal plate in one
of Edison's electric light bulbs. At the time,
Fleming was still Marconi's chief research
developer.
•
1904af 11 - PATENT
FILED: - Fleming applied for the patent for
his electron tube in November 1904, naming it the
oscillation valve. It was also called a thermionic
valve, vacuum diode, kenotron, thermionic tube, or
Fleming valve.
•
1904af -Marconi builds the Rotating Oscillator and
discovers the directive properties of horizontal
antennas. Starts to use the Fleming thermionic
valve.
•
1904d 0322 - PATENT
FILED - Lee De Forest's U.S. Patent 926,933 Patent
Filed "Wireless Telegraphy" Filed March 22, 1904,
Granted July 6,
1909.
•
1904f - Fessenden invents 'Heterodyne
reception'.
•
1904m
-
PATENT:
Guglielmo Marconi Was Issued His Famous Patent 7777
- (Patent Expires In 1917) - England. (Note:
Stubblefield's 1898 held patented rights For
Electrolytic Ground Connections To Antenna).
•
1904m
0524 - PATENT
- Marconi's U.S.
Patent 760,463"Wireless Signaling System" Filed
Sept. 10, 1903, Issued May 24, 1904.
CLICK TO VIEW
PATENT
•
1904m
0628 - PATENT
- Marconi's U.S.
Patent 763,772, Marconi "Apparatus for Wireless
Telegraphy" Filed Nov. 10 1900 , Issued June 28,
1904. The
1904 U.S. version of the 7777 patent,
U.S. Patent No. 763,772, was found to be
invalid in a celebrated 1943 Supreme Court
decision.
CLICK TO VIEW
PATENT
•
1904r - Signals. Fessenden commissions GE to
develop a high frequency alternator. E.F.W.
Alexanderson is put on the project.
•
1904s - Murray, Kentucky. Fire at The Male and
Female Institute (purchased by William Jefferson
Stubblefield, Nathan's father, in 1871). The old
Institute building burned to the ground in the fall
of 1904. The new brick building that replaced it
was larger, sturdy, and functional, although some
folks said it wasn't nearly as attractive in
appearance as the old. It did have a furnace in the
basement, though, rather than stoves in every
room.
•
1904s
- Murray Kentucky. After the Male and Female
Institute was destroyed by fire in 1904,
Teleph-on-del-green Industrial School was
established
on Sept. 4. to
take on both middle-high school and NBS trade
school students. With the help of Rainey T. Wells,
Judge Jones and Clarissa-Jones Stubblefield, this
was the first step towards actuating the 85 acre
NBS Institute into Murray's first State Teachers
College system founded by Rainey T. Wells. MORE MSU
STORY. -http://www.smart90.com/murraystate
•
1904s - Murray, Kentucky. Murray citizen shared the
despondency when street lights were turned off
because the owner, Dr. R. P. Crawford, refused to
renegotiate the previous year's $900 rate. Crawford
began operating the plant in about 1902. The
discussion arose over townsmen approving a bond
issue in the general election of 1906 to erect a
municipal electric system which would put
Crawford's plant out of business. Crawford did
offer a proposal of meter charge for street
lighting instead of the flat $900 rate which would
result in the city paying a much higher fee until
such time his plant would be absorbed by the city.
"The Story of Calloway County," Published by Kerby
and Dorothy Jennings.
•
1904s - Stubblefield could transmit 423 yards. The
total wire required for the transmitting and
receiving coils was of a greater length than what
would be required to simply interconnect the
transmitter and receiver, but the invention would
allow mobility between mobile devices.
•
1904s
0201 - Stubblefield 's Groundless All-in-One Radio
System completed February,
1904.
•
1904m-
The U.S. Patent Office reversed its decision and
awarded Guglielmo Marconi the patent for radio, and
Tesla began his fight to re-acquire the radio
patent.
•
•
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TO GO TO PRIOR PAGE Page 1890 - TIMELINE -
•
1900
- 1904 /
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-
•
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•
Excerpts found on
this page are from:
"Nathan B.
Stubblefield, the Radio Boy" & "The SMART-DAAF
BOYS"™©1992 and
"Disappointments Are Great, Follow the Money, The
Internet - D-diaries - ©2006 - Published and
Authored by TVI Publishing and Troy and Josie
Cory-Stubblefield • ISBN 1-883644-34-8 •
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•
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MORE ABOUT: Content
Clearance
•••
Notice to all major Wireless Telephone Companies
and Wi-Fi Broadcasters. The Next Century of the
Wireless Telephone™ is waiting for you. WiFi,
Digital RF spectrums and Satellite land-line VoIP
is here!
••• Get
Ready for 2007-2008 -- the 100th year of the
Registration of the Wireless Telephone™
patent, and its copyrighted trademark name,
drawings, and specifications for stationary, mobile
vehicular and floating telephone broadcasting and
receiving system. -
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