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CLICK FOR
RULES Lee
De Forest, (August 26, 1873 - June 30,
1961)
Lee De Forest, was granted over 300
various Telegraphy patents during his
lifetime. The important patent was
the
Triode Audion
Diode Tube, a glass enclosed vacuum tube
containing elements that could amplify
electrical RF Dit Dah Morse Code signals
perfected by Smart-Daaf Boy,
Marconi.
In 1906, De Forest's attorney was the
first person to use the word "Radio". The
term was used to describe the De Forest
Wireless Radio Telegraphy
Company.
Strange
as it may seem, "The Audion," did not
transmit nor detect articular voice or
music, until it became the property of
AT&T, in 1914. Later on, it became a
tube part for radio telephony that relied
on the Tesla and Westinghouse AC Generator
to broadcast voice and
music. He
also Invented the term, "Radio" -
1906.
Many
who knew De Forest, said that his downfall
in the wireless industry was comparable to
the Fessenden, and Armstrong EMW and
frequency law suits.
They
included both patent infringement, and
Corporate Stock claims. De Forest's
attorney is the person that came up with
the term, "Radio" -- to help DeForest
skirt around existing Marconi and
Stubblefield Wireless Telegraphy and
Telephony patents and 1901 and 1902 RF
sound wave demonstrations.
De
Forest is said to have spent the better
part of his life in Court. He had four
marriages as well as several failed
companies. He was once indicted for stock
mail fraud, but was later
acquitted. -
Continue
For More
1.
Feature
(Excerpt
from)"The
SMART DAAF BOYS"
Continued
from above
-
DeForest was born,
in the parsonage of the Congregational
Church in Council Bluffs. His father was
the Reverend Henry S. De Forest, who was
later to become president of Talladega
College in Alabama. The Reverend was
descended from French Huguenots who had
settled in New England.
His mother, Anna
Margaret, the daughter of a Congregational
Minister could trace her family back to
John Alden.
After attending Mt.
Hermon School in Massachusetts, De Forest
entered the special mechanical engineering
program being conducted by the Scheffield
Scientific School at Yale University.
While attending Yale University,
1892-1899, two important, 1892 and 1898
public Wireless Telephony and Telegraphy
demonstrations took place, and two EMW
patents were granted to Smart-Daaf Boys,
Stubblefield and Marconi. Wireless
Telephony was the word DeForest had to
content with and work around during his
inventive days.
Having
completed a dissertation entitled
"Reflection of Hertzian Waves From the
Ends of Parallel Wires," he was granted a
Ph.D., in 1899.
The
dissertation is what prepared De Forest
for his attack on high-frequency
oscillation and its effects in parallel
wires. It was one of the first treatises
on radio waves which explored the
possibilities to explain the Wireless
Telephony and Telegraphy RF broadcast
demonstrated by Stubblefield and
Marconi.
After Yale, his first job was with Western
Electric Company in Chicago, where he
started in the telephone department and
then moved on to work in the experimental
laboratory.
Throughout his tumultuous life -- many
failed businesses, ongoing lawsuits,
patent applications, and four marriages --
DeForest promoted radio and later
television as a way to raise Americans'
cultural awareness. He died in, Hollywood,
California on June 30, 1961
02
/
TimeLine.
About Lee De Forest
1873 - Lee
De Forest, b: August 26, 1873 -- d: June
30, 1961.-- 1892 -
De Forest
entered special
mechanical engineering program (Sheffield
School of Science) at Yale University,
1892-1899. 1896 - De Forest receives
Bachelor's Degree from Yale
University. 1899 - De Forest receives
Ph.D. from Yale
University. 1902
- By 1902, he had founded the De
Forest Wireless Telegraph Company but like
other firms he would start, it failed
because of poor business practices.
1903 -
PATENT EXPIRES: Dec. 11, 1903,
Wireless Telegraph - Induction; Emerson
Amos Dolbear's 1986 Wireless Telegraph-
Induction Patent expires.
1904 01 -
Stubblefield 's Groundless All-in-One
Radio System completed February, 1904.
1905 02 -
AUDION PATENT - De Forest's Audion
Patent Number One, #979,275, was Applied
for on February 2, 1905.
1905 -
PATENT LAWS - Revised (1905, STATUTE:
SEC. 4886).
1906 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S.
Patent824,637
Patent Granted "Oscillation Responsive
Device" (vacuum tube detector diode),
Filed Jan. 18, 1904, Granted June 26,
1906.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT.
1906 - "The
Audion," did not transmit nor detect
articular voice or music, until it became
the property of AT&T, in 1914. Later
on, it became a tube part for radio
telephony that relied on the Tesla and
Westinghouse AC Generator to broadcast
voice and
music.
1906 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S.
Patent827,523
Patent Granted "Wireless Telegraph System"
(separate transmitting and receiving
antennas), Filed Dec. 4, 1905, Granted
July 31, 1906.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT.
1906 - U.S. Patent 0827523 "Wireless
Telegraph System" (separate transmitting
and receiving antennas), filed December
1905, issued July 1906.
1906 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S.
Patent 827,524 Patent Granted "Wireless
Telegraph System", filed January 1,
1904, Granted July
31,1906.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT.
1906 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S.
Patent836,070
Patent Granted "Oscillation Responsive
Device" (vacuum tube detector - no grid),
Filed May 19, 1906, Granted Nov. 13,
1906.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT.
1906 - In
1906, De Forest's attorney was the first
person to use the word "Radio". The term
was used to describe the De Forest
Wireless Radio Telegraphy Company.
1907 - PATENT - Lee De Forest's U.S.
Patent 841,386 Patent Granted "Wireless
Telegraphy" (tunable vacuum tube detector
- no grid), Filed Aug. 27, 1906,
Granted Jan. 15, 1907.
CLICK
TO VIEW PATENT.
1906 12 -
Ship To Shore Christmas Eve Broadcast With
GE Alternator (Christmas Eve) Reginald
Fessenden and Ernst Alexanderson. Occurred
the same year Tesla's Westinghouse patent
for his 60-cycle electrical generator
expired.
1907 - In 1907 saw the launch
of the De Forest Radio Company. An early
company advertisement stated: "It will
soon be possible to distribute grand opera
music from transmitters placed on the
stage of the Metropolitan Opera House by a
Radio Telephone station on the roof to
almost any dwelling in Greater New York
and vicinity... The same applies to large
cities. Church music, lectures, etc., can
be spread abroad by the Radio
Telephone."
1907 0228
- THE FIRST RADIO STOCK CORPORATION.
DeForest RADIO TELEPHONE COMPANY - On
February 28, 1907 - the first Wireless
Telephone company USING the new WORD
"RADIO."
1907 0405
- Stubblefield In Washington. Nathan
B. Stubblefield's Wireless Telephone
Patent Application Filed Apr. 5, 1907,
Serial No. 366,544 -Room 109. The first
permanent wireless telephone broadcasting
installation was in January, 1892. The
station was constructed in Murray,
Kentucky, by Stubblefield's
Teleph-on-del-green Industrial College, on
the campus where Murray State University
is now located,
1928 -
Law Suit. Fessenden wins $2.5-million,
and the title as -- "the Father of Radio,"
in Law Suit against the Radio Trust.
NEWTON, Mass, Oct. 13,
1928
-- Thus ends,
his suit for $60,000,000; Fessenden vs the
Radio Corporation of America, The American
Telephone & Telegraph Company, the
General Electric Company, the Westinghouse
Electric and Manufacturing Company, the
Western Electric Company Inc., the
International Radio Telegraph Company, the
United Fruit Company and the wireless
Specialty Appliance
Company. 1928 -
Stubblefield
dies in Murray, Kentucky. 1934 -
De Forest Wins patent suit. De Forest
vs. Armstrong law Patent suit ends. The
suit ended in 1934. He won, but the radio
industry still credits Smart-Daaf Boy
Armstrong with the invention. 1950 - "Father of Radio." --
De Forest autobiography published. He also
wrote several film scripts, hundreds of
poems, and kept a daily journal. De Forest
died in 1961 and was inducted into the
Radio Hall of Fame in 1989. 1952 - De Forest Predictions:
Microwave Ovens. "I foresee great
refinements in the field of short-pulse
microwave signaling, whereby several
simultaneous programs may occupy the same
channel, in sequence, with incredibly
swift electronic communication. Short
waves will be generally used in the
kitchen for roasting and baking, almost
instantaneously" 1952 - De Forest Predictions:
"I do not foresee 'spaceships' to the
moon or Mars. Mortals must live and die on
Earth or within its atmosphere!" 1952 - De Forest Predictions:
"The transistor will more and more
supplement, but never supplant, the
Audion. Its frequency limitations, a few
hundred kilocycles, and its strict power
limitations will never permit its general
replacement of the Audion amplifier." 1961 - De Forest dies in
1961 in Hollywood, California. 1989 - De Forest inducted
into the Radio Hall of Fame in 1989.
03
De Forest Patents - 1896 to 1928, and De
Forest's improvements on Marconi's
Wireless Telegraphy, utilizing the
Audion, EXCERPTS From the Smart-Daaf Boys:
Smart
Daaf Boys -
Products
THE GLASS TUBES OF
WIRELESS
In 1906, Lee De
Forest, carried the Fleming valve one step
further. He positioned a zigzag wire of
platinum between the filament and the
plate. Without truly realizing what he had
accomplished. It is the opinion of many
radio historians, that he advanced the art
of electronic communication a greater
distance with this single step, than
anyone since Faraday. But as fate would
have it, DeForest really didn't understand
what he had devised, and what was equally
costly to an inventor, he did not know how
to use his device
properly.
"The Diode," did
not, until 1914, transmit nor detect
articular voice or music, until it became
the property of AT&T. The three
element valve was capable of
amplification. The "trigger" wire can be
used to control the flow of current from
the filament to the plate. Thus, where
milliwatts were necessary, because the
human ear requires roughly 0.02 watts of
audio power to hear, with a Fleming valve
or any of the equivalent detectors, only
microwatts or millionths of a watt are
necessary with the De Forest "Audion," as
he named it. The microwatt signal is used
to control and produce an equal, but more
powerful signal in the earphones or, in
much later years, the loudspeaker.
Unfortunately, Lee De Forest didn't know
how to "hook it up" properly. He connected
his Audion much the same as the Fleming
valve and results were only slightly
better.
The 1906 Audion
Tube and De Forest. DeForest was extremely
creative and energetic, but often was
unable to see the potential of his
inventions or grasp their theoretical
implications. While working on improving
wireless telegraph equipment, he modified
the work of other Dit Dah inventors using
the Tesla AC generator as the media of
transmitting signals, like Ambrose
Fleming, Fessenden and Marconi, and came
up with the Audion.
It was created
within a vacuum tube containing some gas.
It was a triode, incorporating a filament
and a plate, like ordinary vacuum tubes,
but also a grid between the filament and
plate. This strengthened the current
through the tube, amplifying weak
telegraph and even radio signals. De
Forest thought the gas was a necessary
part of the system.
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TVInews
109 -
Lee
DeForest - (1873 -
1961)
the "D" in
"Smart
Daaf Boys The
inventors that put the Pizzazz in
Radio Wave.
DeForest
was the inventor and patent
holder of the famous
Triode
Audion Diode Tube, A glass
enclosed device used to amplify
RF signals -
1906.
/ Feature
Story / deforst
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